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(6) THE NATIVES OF KING WILLIAM’S LAND, according to
Schwatka (Science 1884), are divided into 5 tribes. Although
wandering and changing their dwelling places the families or
individuals belonging to each of them maintain their union.
One of them, the Kiddelik (Copper-Eskimo nearest to Cape
Bathurst), live in open hostility to all the others, who on the
other hand are on more or less friendly terms with each other.
(7) THE NAME FOR WHITE MEN. In the Journal of the
Anthropological Institute 1885 I have said: «It is curious that
the natives of Greenland, Labrador and the Mackenzie river
have agreed in adopting (the name) qavdlunâq for white men».
As to this question Simpson states, that he never could find
any one among the people of Point Barrow who remembered
having seen Europeans before 1837, but that they had heard
of them as Kablunan from their eastern friends; more recently
they heard a good deal of them from the inland tribes as
Tanin or Tangin. Simpson mentions at the same time the
intertribal trade and explains how commodities exchanged in
this way will take almost 5 years to wander from Bering’s
strait to Hudson’s bay or the opposite way. If this be taken
duly into consideration it does not seem improbable, that the
report on the arrival of the first whalers in Davis strait can
during the lapse of years have found its way to Mackenzie
river. It needs hardly to be added, that the invention of «new
words» by the first Eskimo settlers on the arctic shores has
no analogy whatever to the fact here mentioned.
(8) THE ICE-PERIOD. The origin of the Eskimo has, as
well known, even been traced back to an earlier geological
age and placed in relation with the glacial period. It has been
suggested, that formerly they lived nearer to the north-pole and
that they retired to the south as the climate hecame colder.
Others have conjectured that once they lived as far to the
south as the New England coast and gradually made their way
toward the north with the walrus, the great auk and the polar
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