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margarine in England instead of Denmark. Finland has
not followed Denmark in its over-hasty legislation
about the Pasteurisation of the milk; legislation
which necessitated an immediate change in dairy
implements, steam-engines, boilers, and even
buildings; and this though it has not yet been decided
whether Pasteurisation decreases the value of milk
as food!
The creamery business is the highest development of
modern agriculture in Northern Europe. It does not
interfere with the production of grain; on the contrary,
as we see in Finland, this increases with the better care
and feeding of cattle. The creamery is a manufacturing
business which, in its whole character, and owing to its
demand for co-operation, presupposes a considerable
development in the education of the people; and for
the same reasons it will produce a noticeable economic
result. What has already been done in Finland testifies
to the high state of education there. It is absolutely
astonishing to read in a journal which is now
published simultaneously in Finnish and Russian by
an arrangement of the present Governor-General,
a series of articles asserting that the country is
being pauperised by this creamery business, which,
according to the writer, uses up all the grain and
grasses, and necessitates the importation of extra food
for cattle. The right thing to do, says this
semi-official organ of the Governor-General, is to produce
more rye, use it for the distillation of the form of
whisky known as brännvin, and use the refuse as
a cheap food for cattle. The Finns themselves, on
the contrary, hold the same opinion as the Swedes,
among others, that it has been a great step in
advance to replace the numerous small distilleries by
creameries, which are far more profitable and have
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