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ACCOUNT OF DANISH LAPLAND BY LEEMS. 391
Norwegian peafants, called alfo Normans, inhabiting the eaftern Finmark, feed their
cows, not only with hay, but fea-grafs, on which the rein-deer ufually feed.
The winter cot of a mountain Laplander, with refpect to the floor, dimenfjons, and
fire place, refembles almoft in every thing the hut of a maritime one, already de-
{cribed, except that the four beams or columns, which in the hut of a maritime Lap-
lander, are erected near each end of the fire place, are not wanted in the cot of the
mountaineer. Between the floor of the cot, which is covered with boughs of trees
ftrewed on the bare ground, and the cot itfelf, raifed on flender poles, driven at their
extremities into the fnow, and covered with a woollen cloth, a wall of fnow, called in
Lapland Seine, is made ; and fince the fnow mult be removed from the place in which
the cot is to be raifed, in the form of a round circle, it follows, that the fnow muft on
every fide be gathered round the floor, asa folid wall. ‘The cot itfelf confifts of four
crooked beams, in Lapland, Baeljck, which make up its principal parts, and as it were
its foundation and bafis. Two beams of this fort are raifed up on each fide, but
feparated by a fmall diftance, driven at their ends into the fnow, the other extremity
raifed towards the gutter; and ast has been obferved above, fpeaking of the huts of
the maritime Laplanders, they keep bending as the rife, until joining at top, they are
formed into the fhape of a double arch. The arches themfelves, left they thould
totter, are braced with a {mall rafter. Between thefe often mentioned four beams are
erected various poles, which are faftened at their lower extremity, as well as the beams
themfelves in the wall of {now juft now mentioned, but by gradually rifing, effect that
the cot on the infide, fhould not materially differ from the fhape of a round arch,
efpecially, if the faid poles are drawn over with a woollen covering. Above, near the
roof, another pole is placed acrofs, from which are hung bent iron hooks, by which
their kettles and pots are fufpended over the fire.
- The poles, as faid, placed in their fituation and order, are covered with woollen
blankets, which the Laplanders call Loudagak, not with thofe which are new and found,
but from fuch as are the worfe for ufe. ‘The blankets themfelves are divided into two
greater parts covering the cot on each fide. Each part of the blanket is faftened to the
poft by the door, or in the infide part of the cot; this forming in Lapland what is called
Skarro. And fince thefe blankets are not of fufficient breadth as to cover the whole cot
at once, they take care by acertain fupplement, called in Lapland Naaii/b, and of the
fame ftuff as the covering itfelf, which covers the gutter, fhould be provided,
The door of the cot is made of woollen covering, cut in the fhape of a pyramid,
the inner part of which is ftretched with tenter-hooks, with which they ufually lay out
{moked falmon. Should .a door covering want thefe tenter-hooks, which the Lap-
landers call Zangak, it could not fupply the place of a door. At each fide of the door
is erected a thin pole, called in ‘Lapland, Bi/hiamas, to fupply the defect of pofts.
When the wind blows with violence, the door, which is hung only above, and indeed
with a thong of leatheralone, is faftened to one of the poles, fo that on that fide,
where the wind prefles, it is entirely fhut againft it, which .was it not fo, under a
{trong wind, the fire on the hearth would be toffed about, and the fmoke checked
from going up, would fill the whole cot. When.the wind.does not blow the door is
©pen, and a free entrance and exit is made ‘for it.
The mountain Laplander ufually erects his cot in the middle of the wood, and goes
out every day, with the exception of feftivals alone, to provide wood. Whena tree is
felled he nimfelf draws it through the {now to his cot, where he cuts off the top, and
the leffer branches, on a low block or machine, placed behind the door for this purpofe.
‘The trunk and thicker branches are cut into larger pieces. The wood moift and
Rit
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