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392 ACCOUNT OF DANISH LAPLAND BY LEEMS.
{tiff with the cold fnow and ice, as brought from the foreft, is laid on the fire,"where
taking flame, it cozes outa certain dampnefs, accompanied with a ftrong vapor. The
Laplanders call this vapor, Shiudga, from which, they fay, they receive greater annoy-
ance, than even from the fmoke, of which the Lapland mountaineer fo much com-
plains. When preparing to light the fire, they catch the fpark on the bark of the birch
tree, and when caught, feed it from dried leaves and {mall branches of trees: then as it
lights, larger pieces of wood are put on; when the fire is lighted, the whole cot, from the
top to the bottom is filled with fmoke, to that degree, that all who are in it, are enveloped
in a thick cloud, and are well nigh deprived of the ufe of fight. As the fire gradually gets
up and breaks out into flames, the fmoke but by little and little decreafes, and fuch is the
abundance and force in which it remains, that though fitting in the cot on the ground,
you may yet reach it with the crown of the head. When the winds blow more than
common, the {moke is ftruck back from the gutter, which is always open.
The Lapland mountaineer on going to bed, does not put out the fire, but lets it burn,
until it is extinguifhed of itfelf. He does not ufe a lamp with oil and link, contented
with that light alone, which the fire on the hearth fupplies him with on the mountains,
At the diftance of fome paces from the cot of the Lapland mountaineer ftands a
certain veffel, called in Lapland Leaavve, raifed on beams fet an end, on which
crofs ones are placed with the boughs of various trees. ‘The whole of this building,
where veflels, rein-deer fkins, &c. are put up, is not unlike a houfe built without a
roof.
The fummer cot ofa Lapland mountaineer is almoft the fame as the winter cot, as I
have fhewn, with this difference, that this is covered with woollen ; the fummer one
with thick linen cloth, nor is it defended by a wall of {now, the {now being at this
time of the year, every where almoft diffolved.
The little tent, which the Lapland mountaineer, when he goes ‘to hunt the rein.
deer, or otherwife, intent fora longer journey, carries with him, is made of thick
linen in the Lapland Lavve. In the place where he intends to erect this tent, the
{nows are carefully cleared away, even to the bare foil, fo that what are untouched, re-
main as walls drawn round in a circle. He then ftrews the floor with branches cut from
trees, laid over the bare earth; he makes a fire-place from ftones laid along in two
heaps ; he ereéts beams, from trees which are at hand in the place, driven at one end
into the edge of the wall of fnow, but meeting above, and thus raifed, furrounds it with
a linen covering, of which there is mention above. ‘The tent, built in this manner, the
Laplander lights a fire on the hearth, in order to reftore his limbs numbed with cold,
or prepare his food, for which purpofe he ufually takes with hima little kettle.
Should the Laplander, intent on a journey by fea, be compelled to put in where, on
account of the tempeft fuddenly coming on, or any other caufe, there is no trace of
civilization, and he has nothing at hand, of which he ftands in daily ufe, he inftantly
builds himfelf a houfe: he takes the oars from his little bark, ereéts on the fhore, and,
when erected, covers them with a fail, under which roof, as long as he can fubfilt there,
remains.
Among the Laplanders who inhabit the mountains as well as the coaft, are the cup-
boards, or little out-houfes, propped on rails, where it is cuftomary to put up provifions,
and little utenfils; the cupboards of the maritime Laplander are at no great diftance
from his hut, the inhabitant of the mountain ufually builds them in.the foreft.. , See
Chapter XI. on the journies of the Laplanders. The mountaineers ufually build:vaults
under ground called Gedde-Borra, cover the bottom with ftone, and there put up the
fleth of the rein-deer. uu si
10 Having
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