Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - II. Udsigt over skibsvæsenet i Norge fra de ældste tider indtil middelalderens slutning / Review of the condition and progress of shipping in Norway, from the earliest period, to the close of the middle ages
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ER så
været det, fremgaar utvivlsomt af Sagaernes Udtryk».
Men foruden at der, som nedenfor nærmere skal paavises,
overhovedet ej kan gjøres saadan forskjel mellem de nævnte
slags skibe, eftersom alle drager vare langskibe, skjønt ikke
hvert langskib var en drage, saa giver sagaens fortæl-
ling om Ormen lange neppe nogen støtte for den an-
førte mening. Tvertimod maa klinkbygning antages at
have fundet sted endog paa de største skibe hos os gjen-
nem hele middelalderen. Saaledes heder det f. ex. om
Mariesuden, som kong Sverre lod bygge 1182 i Nidaros,
og hvis aaretal næsten kunde sættes ved siden af Ormen
langes!), at den gav sig (biladi) i nogle sammenføjninger
(skör), da den gik af bakkestokkene, hvorfor Sverre ved
afreisen lod medtage flere kister med skibssøm til istand-
sættelse undervejs. Endog selve skibets navn med sin
sammensætning af såå viser, ligesom ved andre baade
samtidige og meget yngre skibe med lignende benævnelse,
f.ex. Olafs-, Katrinar-,Sunnifu-, Postula-, Reimars-sudin, at de
alle sammen vare klinkbyggede. Dette sees ogsaa ellers
flere steder, saaledes paa en dørstolpe fra Neslands stav-
kirke (1242)?), paa en initialtegning fra 13de eller r4de
hundredaar og lithograferet for 4de bind af Norges gamle
love, endvidere paa Eilif lagmands segl (1301) *), Bergens
(1329) 9).
kan ogsaa sluttes af et testament af 14306), hvori der
(1299)*) og Gunnar raasveins Det samme
omtales et skib, som skulde bygges paa Revnestran-
den i Strandvik sogn i Søndhordland med 25 alens kjøl
og 15 omfar. Ligeledes sees det, at den jegt, Jørgen
Hanssøn i 1516 lod bygge paa Bergenhus, var klinkert”).
Vel omtales, at erkebiskopen i 1529 sendte to krave-
ler fra Throndhjem til Bergen*), men dermed er det ikke
sagt, at disse vare byggede her i landet. Derimod har
det i sit slags eneste skib, som træffes hos os, eller den
berømte galei, der blev bygget i Bergen 15669), ikke
usandsynlig været et af de første kravelbyggede skibe i
Norge. Hvad der støtter denne antagelse om den sene tid
for kravelbygningens indkomst her i landet, er ogsaa, at
denne sammensætning vistnok heller ikke førend langt
1) Konungasøg. ed. Unger, p. 83, 85, cfr. 166.
*) bo TE po: 46, Å Ibs TI no. 179, $) Tbs Vi 419
9) Norske Magas. I. 331, II. 70.
*) Norske bygn. fra fortiden, 3dje række, pl. V.
(Ormen hin lange) was thus constructed, is clear from
the statement of the Sagas». But, besides that, as shall
hereafter be pointed out, there can not, on the whole,
be admitted any such specific difference between the
classes of ships in question, — since all Dragon-ships
were longships, though not every longship was a Dragon-
ship, — the Saga narrative of «the long Serpent» gives
scarcely any support to the opinion stated. On the
contrary, clinker building must be presumed to have been
applied to even the largest vessels in our country through-
out the entire period of the middle ages. Thus for in-
stance as to the Mariasude, a ship built at Nidaros A, D.
1182 by order of King Sverre, and whose number of
oars very nearly equalled that of «the Serpent»’), we
are told that some of the joints (skér) gave way (dz/adz),
when she ran off the stocks, and that therefore Sverre,
to provide for the possibly requisite reparation during
the voyage, ordered several chests of ship-spikes to be
taken board. of the
ship, composed, as it is, of sd, as well as vessels
both of contemporary and of much later date with
similar name, for instance «Olaf’s, Kathrinar-, Sunnifu-,
show that all
also obvious
on Even. the very name
Postula-, Reimars sudin», were clinker-
built. This
ces, as for instance on a door-pillar from the wooden
church of Nesland (A. D, 1242)*), on an initial autograph
of the 13 or 14 century and lithographed for the 4%
vol. of the ancient laws of Norway, and further on the
respective seals of Elif the lawyer (A. D. 1301)3), of the
municipality of Bergen (A. D. 1299)*), and of Gunnar
Raasvein (A. D. 1329)°). A similar inference may like-
wise be drawn from a testament of 14309) wherein is
named a ship to be built on the Revnestrand in the parish
of Strandvik, in Söndhordland, with length of keel 25 ells
and 15 tiers of planking (omfar). In like manner it is
seen, that the yacht which Jörgen Hanssön in 1516 had
built in the castle of Bergenhus, was clinker-built %. It
is indeed stated, that in 1529 the Archbishop sent two
carvels from Trondhiem to Bergen’), but this state-
ment does not tell us that they were constructed in this
country. On the other hand, it is not improbable, that
the ship — the only one of its type found among us —
that renowned galley built in Bergen 1566), was one
of the first carvel-built vessels constructed in Norway.
This theory, as to the late period, at which the carvel-
building was introduced into this country, derives further
the fact, that that mode of construc-
is besides in many pla-
support from
9 ’D. Norv. III. no. 47-
7) Hist. Tidsskr, 2den række III, 122. 8). .D, Norv. V-no. 1061.
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