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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 1 35
Troy Weight*
(Used when weighing gold, silver and jewelry )
1 pound = 12 ounces =5760 grains = 0.37324 kilogram.
1 ounce = 20 pennyweights = 1.0971 ounces avdp.
1 pennyweight =24 grains,
A caret used in weighing diamonds = 3.168 grains. =
O.205 grams.
Apothecaries* Weight.
1 pound = 1 pound troy weight = 12 ounces.
1 ounce = 8 drachms.
1 drachm = 3 scruples.
1 scruple = 20 grains.
Note.—The pound and ounce are the same in apothecaries’
as in troy weight. One ounce avoirdupois is 437-£ grains, and
1 ounce troy is 480 grains, but 1 grain has the same value in
troy, apothecaries’ and avoirdupois and is equal to 0.0648
gram in the metric system.
Weights of Produce.
The following are the weights of various articles of produce:
Pounds per aushel. Pounds per b ushel. Pounds per bushel
Wheat, 60 Oats, 32 White potatoes, 60
Corn in the ear, 70 Peas, 60 Sweet potatoes, 55
Corn shelled, 56 Ground peas, 24 Onions, 57
Rye, 56 Corn meal, 48 Turnips, 57
Buckwheat, 48 Malt, 38 Clover seed, 60
Barley, 48 White beans, 60 Timothy seed, 45
The netric System of Weights and measures.
The unit in the metric system is the meter. The length of
the meter was intended to be T oooVooo (one ten-millionth part)
of the length of a quadrant of the earth through Paris, which
is the same as toooVooo of any quadrant from either pole to
equator.
By later calculations it has been ascertained that the meter
as first adopted and now used is slightly too short according to
this theoretical requirement, but this, of course, makes no dif-
ference ; because, practically speaking, the length of a meter is
the length of a certain standard meter kejDt at Paris in the care
of the French government, and it is from this standard meter
(and not from the quadrant of the earth) that all other standard
meters kept for reference are derived
The gram, which is the unit of weight, is the weight of 1
cubic centimeter of water at its maximum density, which is at
4° C. (39° to 40° F.)
The commercial denomination used for weight is the kilo-
gram == 1000 grams = 1 cubic decimeter = 1 liter of water at
maximum density.
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