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fiELTS. 3 2 7
A crossed belt will cause the shafts to run in opposite direc-
tions. If the distance between the shafts is short, crossed belts
will not work well. A short belt will wear out faster than a
long one.
Very long and heavy belts should be supported by idlers as
well under the slack as under the working side ; if not, the
weight of a long belt will cause too much stress on itself and
also cause too much pressure on the bearings, as well on the
driver as on the driven shaft. Belts should never, when it can
be avoided, be run vertically, as the weight of the belt always
tends to keep it away from the lower pulley, thereby reducing
its transmitting capacity; the longer the belt the worse this is.
Belts are most effective when they are run in a horizontal direc-
tion and, whenever possible, the lower part of the belt should be
the working part, as the slackness in the upper part, by its
weight, will cause the belt to lay around the pulley for a longer
distance, and this will, in a measure, increase its transmitting
capacity; but if the upper part is the working part, the slackness
in the lower part tends to keep the belt away from the pulleys,
and thereby reduces its transmitting capacity.
Lacing Belts.
Figure 1 shows a good way of lacing belts ; a is the side run-
ning next to the pulley and b is the outside. Holes should be
punched and not made by an awl, as punched holes are less lia-
ble to tear. The lacing is commenced by putting each end of
the lace through holes 1 and 2 from the side next to pulley, and
then continuing toward the edges, both sides simultaneously,
Fig. i.
fi n f\
y y u
j u y w
J a
making a double stitch at the edges and sewing back again un-
til holes 1 and 2 are reached ; and, lastly, by drawing each end
of the lace through x and y. Each stitch will be double, except-
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