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438 RIVETS AND EYE BOLTS
Iron and Copper Rivets.
The diameter of large iron rivets, such as are used for bridge
work, boiler work, etc., is measured in fractions of an inch, such
as three-eighths, seven-sixteenths, one-half inch, etc., and the
length of the rivet is measured in the same way.
The diameter of small iron rivets is usually measured by the
Birmingham wire gage, but the length is measured in inches.
For instance, an iron rivet, No. 6, will be about 0.203 inches in
diameter and No. 10 will be 0.134 inches in diameter. I ron burrs,
fitting the rivets, are also sold by numbers. The diameter of
the hole corresponds to the Birmingham gage.
Copper rivets and copper burrs, such as used for riveting
belt joints, are also measured by the Birmingham wire gage.
Nails.
The length of nails is usually expressed as so many penny.
For instance:
Two penny nails are 1 inch long. Three penny nails are
iK inches long. Four penny nails are iK inches long. Five
penny nails are i z
/i inches long. Six penny nails are 2 inches
long. Seven penny nails are 2 % inches long. Eight penny nails
are 2X inches long. Nine penny nails are 2^ inches long. Ten
penny nails are 3 inches long. Twelve penny nails are 3 % inches
long. Sixteen penny nails are 3X inches long. Twenty penny
nails are 4 inches long. Thirty penny nails are \% inches long.
Forty penny nails are 5 inches long. Fifty penny nails are 5K
inches long. Sixty penny nails are 6 inches long.
Eye Bolts.
It is very customary to weld an eye to a lag screw (see Fig.
4) to use in handling heavy weights in shops.
The following table (No. 75) gives the holding power of lag
screws or eye bolts when screwed into spruce timber a little
over the full length of thread. The suitable size of bit for the
thread is also given in the table.
Fir A
TABLE No. 75.
Load at
Diameter Diameter Which the Safe
of Screw. of Bit. Screw
Pulled Out.
Load.
1 inch Ya. inch 16,000 lbs. 2,000 lbs
Vs " \\
" 9,000 " 1,125 "
34 «
Vi. " 7,000 " 875 "
ti
"
X " 6,000 " 750 "
% "
H " 3,500 " 437 "
Vs " A " 1,900 " 237 "
% " 3 ((
T6- 700 " 87 "
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