Stoffel, Intensives and Down-toners. 169 peared !. His words are (§ 232, Anm. 1): «Ogsaa i positive Sætninger kan bruges so—as. Ved as—as betegnes mere begge Leds Lighed (/ige saa—som), ved so—as fremhæves sterkere Graden: a family so harmless as ours (Goldsm.), i den Grad harmlös; as harmless as ours, maatte betyde: ligesaa harmlös som vor». And in my edition of Lökke’s grammar (the small edition of 1883), I have given to this rule the following wording (§ 149, 2): «Derimod bruges i bekræftende sætninger so—as, naar blot graden af en egenskab skal fremhæves uden sammenligning med noget andet: a family so harmless as ours, en familie saa harmlös som vor (jfr. a family as harmless as ours, en (anden) familie ligesaa harmlös som vor)». — It is only fair to add that Prof. Storm mentions Lökke and his rule in the Norwegian edition of his «Philologie», though he does not find his explanation quite to the point. In the German edition Lökke’s name has been swallowed up by the somewhat vague reference to «Binige Grammatiker>». Mr. Stoffel then goes on to treat of the phrases as soon as, as far as, as long as and others, as contrasted with so soon as, so far as, so long as etc. and he arrives at the conclusion that, though in many cases these phrases are used promiscuously, there is a tendency to prefer the so-forms where not simply an equality is to be marked, but some modal force, such as causality or condition, is implied. The chapter on as is also highly interesting as trying to bring out clearly the difference between noft so clever as and not as clever as. As this is probably the most original part of the whole investigation, I shall give the author’s views about this difference at some length. If we say, John is as poor as William, what we want to say, is that John and William are equal in poverty, without stating, however, how great this poverty may be; the first as is then strong- stressed. But if we say, John is as poor as Job, we really want to assert that John is exceedingly poor, by comparing him to a man of such well-known poverty as Job; in this case the first as is weak-stressed. «The first sentence, therefore, with as strong-stressed, denotes equality of poverty; the second, with as weak-stressed, denotes a high degree of poverty on the part of the subject». — Now, if the first of these sentences is made negative, it will generally take the form of John is noi so poor as William, but this may mean two things, according as we accent σοί or so. In the former case (John is not so poor as W.) we only state the fact ! I have before me at this moment the fourth edition (of 1876); but that it was pointed oút by Lökke still earlier, is certain from the fact that I remember this rule from my school-days (1873—74). The Norwegian edition of Prof. Storm’s book appeared in 1879.