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17
stemt dels ved hvert Lodskud. dels ved de sædvanlige
nautiske Methoder. Undersøgelsen af Strømmen i
Dybet vil udkræve særskilte Methoder og kun lade
sig udføre under gunstige Omstændigheder. Disse
sidste Undersøgelser maa i Regelen forbeholdes
enkelte Punkter, hvor de ere af fundamental Betydning,
som Færø-Shetland-Renden. Færø-Island-Flakket.
Island-Grønland-Strædet og det kolde Ishavsdyb samt
Norges Banker.
3. Bestemmelse af Havets Temperatur i Overfladen
falder nærmest ind under de meteorologiske Iagttagelser.
Dybets Temperatur ved Bunden bestemmes ved hvert
Lodskud. Under gunstige Omstændigheder og paa
saa mange Punkter, det maa ansees at være af
Interesse. tages Rækker af Temperaturiagttagelser i
forskjellige Dybder fra Overfladen til Bunden med de
forskjellige Instrumenter, som Expeditionen hertil
disponerer over.
4. Undersøgelse af Havvandets fysiske og [chemiske
Forhold : Specilisk - Vægt - Bestemmelse med i Areometer.
Saltholdighed (Chlormængde) ved Titrering. .
Luftmængde og .Kulsyremængde ved Udkogning. De
yderlig fornødne Analyser af de opsamlede Gasarter samt
af større Prøver af Havvand, som medtages fra
Steder, hvor Forholdene ere typiske, maa udføres i
Laboratoriet efter Expeditionens Slutning. Ved de fleste
Lodskud tages Vandprøver fra Havbunden til
Bestemmelse af specilisk Vægt og Saltholdighed. Paa
.særegne Steder tages en Række Prøver af Vand fra
forskjellige Dybder til Undersøgelse i forskjellige
Retninger. dels ombord, dels senere.
5. Zoologiske Undersøgelser. Indsamling af Havdyr med
de dertil bestemte Apparater, deres foreløbige
Undersøgelse og Gruppering, deres Præparation og
Opbevaring. Indsamling af Specimina af Dyreriget
forøvrigt efter Lejligheden. Ved de for disse Undersøgelser
nødvendige Operationer vindes ogsaa Prøver af
Havbundens Materiale til Opbevaring.
6. Botaniske Undersøgelser: Indsamling af Specimina af
Planteriget, deres Præparation og Opbevaring til videre
Undersøgelse.
7. Meteorologiske Iagttagelser. Stadig fortsatte
Iagttagelser af Barometer. Psychrometer, Vindens Retning.
Styrke og Hastighed. Skyernes Mængde. Farm og
Bevægelse, Søgang, Nedbør m. m. Forsøg med
Hygrometer til Control for Psychrometret. med
Regn-maaler og Fordunstningsmaaler, med Thermometre
paa forskjellige Steder og i forskjellige Højder.
Maaling af Havvandets Temperatur og specifiske Vægt i
Overfladep.
determined partly by the operation of sounding, and
partly by the usual nautical methods. For
investigating deep-sea currents, recourse must be had to
special methods, practicable only under favourable
circumstances. Such investigations must therefore,
as a rule, be confined to a few localities in which
they will be of fundamental importance, viz. the
Færoe-Shetland channel, the Færoe-Iceland flat, the
channel between Iceland and Greenland, the cold
area of the Arctic Ocean, and the banks off the’
coast of Norway.
3. To determine the Surface-temperature of the Sea. which
comes strictly within the meteorological observations.
The bottom-temperature will be determined with every
. sounding. Under favourable circumstances, serial
temperature observations will be taken, in as many
localities as may be deemed desirable,, at different depths,
from the surface to the bottom, with the various
instruments provided for the purpose.
4. To investigate the Physical. Conditions and Chemical
Constituents of the sea-water. This will comprise:
specific gravity determinations with the areometer:
salt-determinations (amount of chlorine) by titration: air
and carbonic acid determinations by the boiling-pro-
. cess. All further analyses of gases collected on the
Expedition, as also of - large samples of sea-water from
localities characterised by typical, conditions, must be
made in the Laboratory after the return of the
Expedition to Norway. When soundings are taken,
samples of bottom-water will be generally collected,
for determining the specific gravity and the amount
of salt. At c.ertain stations, samples" of water will be
collected from different depths, for examination either
on board or at a subsequent date.
5. Zoological Work, comprising the collection of marine
animals, with the apparatus provided for the purpose,
their preliminary examination and classification,
preparing and preserving them on board, and the
occasional collection of other specimens of the animal
kingdom. When conducting the operations for
capturing marine animals, samples of the bottom will
also be collected.
6. Botanical Work, comprising the collection of
specimens of the vegetable kingdom, and preserving them
for subsequent examination.
7. Meteorological Observations, comprising regular
readings of tire barometer and psychrometer; observations
of the force, direction, and velocity of the wind, the
form, amount, and motion of clouds, the state of the
sea, precipitation. &c., <fec.; experiments with the
hygrometer. to control the psychrometer. with the
rain-guage, and with thermometers in different localities
and at different heights .above the level of the sea;
determinations of the temperature of the sea and of
the specific gravity of the water at the surface.
Den norske Nordliavsexoedition. C’. Wille: Expeditionens Historie.
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