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32
Deii Iste August 1878 laa Expeditionen under
Nordostsiden af Beeren Eiland for at have Ly for den paa
Havet blæsende Sydvest Storm. Da Vejret om Aftenen
syntes at bedage sig, forsøgtes at lande paa Øen. Dette
lyktes ogsaa. Vi kom i Land ved Mundingen af
Engelsk-Elven, der ved sit Udløb i en liden Bugt danner en Fos.
Vi steg op paa, Beeren-Eilands flade Plateau, der fandtes
at ligge omtrent 34 Meter over Havet, og vandrede en
Mils Vej nordover. Kysten er overalt ganske bråt, flere
Steder helder Fjeldvæggen udover. Deri er dannet af
hori-zontale Lag. der som bekjendt tilhøre Stenkulperioden.
Fra Søen af ser Kystlinien temmelig ret ud. men fra Land
viste den sig ’at bestaa af fremspringende Nes afvexlende
med indgaaende Bugter. Brændingen arbejder uafladelig
paa at udgrave de lavere Lag. De overliggende Lag miste
sit Underlag, brydes af og styrte i Stranden, hvor de
søndermales af Bølgeslaget. Paa Land saa vi. indenfor
Plateauets Rand, gabende Sprækker, der havde dannet sig
ved de undergravede Lags begyndende Synkning. I Fjæren
saa vi. hvorledes Bølgerne tumlede vildt med det nedrasede
Lands Rester. Ved enkelte Nes staar igjen Stabber eller
Søjler, adskilte fra Landet, ogsaa som Vidnesbyrd om
Havets Magt. Disse Stabber, meel sine horizontale Lag,
frembyde søgte Hækkepladse for talløse Søfugle, der her
kunne være i Fred for Fiender. Saaledes skrider
Beeren-Eilands Ødelæggelse frem. Den grunde Banke, der
strækker sig fra Øst-Spidsbergen til Beeren-Eiland. er
sandsynligvis for en stor Del Resterne af dette Lancl. Nu kommer
hertil clet faste Materiale, som Drivisen fører med sig og
afsætter ved sin Smeltning.
Vort Billede viser denne Kyst med de
udoverhængende Lag, de fremstikkende Nes, cle af Bølgerne udhulede
Bugter, i hvilke Brændingen arbejder, og to af cle
fritstaaende Stabber.
Inde paa Sletten passerede vi. i en Afstand af et
Par Kilometer fra Kysten, en Række smaa grunde
Ferskvandsøer, hvis Vand havde en Temperatur af 9° C., og
som syntes at være et yndet Opholdssted for talrige
Søfugle. Overfladen af Fjeldet bestod af lutter løse Stene,
dels som løs Ur, dels som mindre Stene med Jord imellem,
der frembød en Smule Vegetation. Hist og her fandtes
sammenhængende Mostepper.
On the 1st of August. 1878. the "Vøringen" rode at
anchor off the north-east coast of Beeren Eilancl. during
a heavy gale from the south-west. In the evening, the
weather having somewhat abated, an attempt was made to
land on the island. It proved successful. We landed at
the mouth of English River, which forms a cataract where
it disembogues into a small bay. We ascended to the
plateau of Beeren Eiland, that attains an elevation of about
110 feet above the sea. and strolled for a few miles in a
northerly direction. The coast is everywhere precipitous,
in several places with beetling cliffs. It is built up of
horizontal strata belonging to the true carboniferous era. As seen
from the sea, the coast appears to extend in a
comparatively unbroken line; but on landing, it was found to fonn
numerous headlands and bays. The ceasless action of the
surf gradually wears away the lower strata. The upper
layers being thus deprived of their support, give way, and
topple down into the sea, where they are broken up by the
lashing of the waves. Near the edge of the plateau were
seen yawning rents in the surface, showing that the
subjacent layers were about to give way. On the beach, we
could observe the action of the waves in tossing about the
fallen masses. Stumps or columns of rock still remain oft’
some of the headlands. — another proof of the marvellous
power of the waves. These columnar rocks afford favourite
breeding-haunts for sea-fowl, where they have nothing to
fear from their enemies. Thus proceeds the gradual
demolition of Beeren Eiland. The bank extending from
East Spitzbergen to Beeren Eiland. is probably in greater
part the remains of this land, along with the solid matter
deposited on the melting of drift-ice.
Our view of this coast shows the beetling stratified
cliffs, the bold projecting headlands, the bays and creeks
hollowed out by the sea, in which the surf is for ever
engaged in its work of destruction, and two of the isolated
columnar rocks.
On the plateau, about a mile from the coast, we
passed a chain of small freshwater lakes, apparently the
favourite resort of innumerable wild-fowl; the temperature
of the water was 9° C. The surface of the island
consisted exclusively of loose materials, in part dry gravel, in
part small stones embedded in earth exhibiting traces of
vegetation. Here and there was seen a carpet of moss.
4 Spidsbergen.
Den 5te August 1878 fik vi for første Gang Øje paa
Spidsbergen. Ved Middag saaes Syd-Spidsbergen forud, et
skydækket Land med Sne og Isbræer. Udenfor Sydkap
ligge nogle ganske låve Øer. Vi sejlede søndenom disse og
4. Spitzbergen.
Oli the 5th of August. 1878. we got our first view
of Spitzbergen. About noon the "Vøringen" bore down
on South Spitzbergen. a cloud-capt land, with snow-fields
and glaciers. Oft’ South Cape are seen. a number of small,
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