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Siile
sammenhængende paa hele Strækningen eller
gjonnem-brudt paa Midten i en Dybde af 1500 Favne, kan
ikke med Sikkerhed afgjøres. Efter
Temperaturforholdene i Dybet har jeg henlagt Lodskuddet paa 1500
Favne (Station No. 298) til det nordlige Bækken.
f) Lodskuddet 1200 Favne (Station No. 303. 75« 12’ N.Br.,
3° 2’ E. L.) har voldt mig ikke lidet Besvær. Det
ligger midt imellem lutter større Dybder. Jeg ’har
tegnet en Top. men det kan derfor gjerne være
Tilfældet, at man har on fra Nord eller Syd udgaaende
Byg, der indeslutter en østenfor samme liggende
Fordybning. Denne Usikkerhed har Indflydelse paa
Fremstillingen af Partiet ved den 77. Breddegrad.
g) I Nordvest for Spidsbergen er det tegnede Bundrelief
til en vis Grad hypothetisk, med den langstrakte Bank
paa mindre end 500 Favne. Paa dennes Midtparti
lindes nemlig ikke noget Lodskud.
Førend jeg beskriver det ved Lodningerne vundne
Billede af Havbundens Form, vil det være hensigtsmæssigt
at fastsætte nogle geografiske Benævnelser paa de
forskjellige Dele af det europæiske Nordhav.
Nordsøens nordlige Grændse sættes efter en Linie fra
Stad til Shetland og Orknøerne. Mod Nordvest støder
den til Færø-Shetland-Renden (Lightning Channel) mellem
Shetland og Færøerne.
Det norske Har begrændses af Linien Stael—Shetland—
Færøerne — Øst-Island — Jan Mayen — Syd-Spidsborgen —
Nordkap— den norske Kyst fra Nordkap til Stad.
Grønlandshavet begrændses af Nord-Island, Øst-G ronland,
Vest-Spidsbergen. Linien Spidsbergen—Jan
Mayen—Nord-Island. Gjennem Danmark-Strædet mellem Island og
Grøn-land munder Grøndlandshavet ud i Nord-Atlanterhavet,
gjennem Jan-Mayen-Renden staar det i Forbindelse med
den sydlige Del af det norske Hav.
Øst-Havet begrændses af Linien
Syd-Spidsbergen—Nordkap, Finmarkens Kyst, Ruslands Nordkyst, Novaja-Seinlja,
Øst-Spidsbergen.
Hårbundens Form. I Kartets sydvestlige Hjørne møde
vi Nordatlanterhavets Dybder, hvis Arme omspænde
Rockali-Banken og som stode op til Bankerne vestenfor Irland,
Skotland og Færøerne, söndenfor og vestenfor Island. De
britiske Øer ligge samtlige paa den Bank. der danner
Nordsøens Bund, og som har et bråt Affald mod Vest.
Mellem den sydvestlige Færø-Bank og Nordsøbanken, i
Nord for Hebriderne, i Nordvest for Orknøerne, er der
en sammenhængende smal Ryg, Wyville Thomson-Ryggen,
der paa Dybder større ond 330 Favne fuldstændig
adskiller Nordatlanterhavets Dyb fra vort Nordhavs. Denne
Adskillelse fortsættes uden Afbrydelse af dybere Steder
over Færø-Bankerne og videre mod Nordvest over Island
indtil Grønland. Mellem Færø-Banken og Øst-Island
hæver sig en bredere Ryg paa omkring 250 Favnes Dybde.
Dens dybeste Punkt ligger paa ikke mere end 277 Favne,
be wholly continuous throughout the entire tract or
disrupted in the middle at a depth of 1500 fathoms,
cannot with certainty be determined. Reasoning from
the temperature in the deep strata, [I have placed
the 1500-fathom sounding (Station No. 298) in the
north basin.
f) The 1200-fathom sounding (Station No. 303, lat,
75° 12’ N, long. 3° 2’ E) has occasioned me not a
little perplexity. It lies midway between great depths.
I have figured a summit; but just as likely may a
ridge be found to extend from the north or south,
enclosing an eastward-lying recess. This uncertainty
exerts its influence when figuring the part of the lied
on the 77th parallel of latitude.
g) North-west of Spitzbergen, the contours of the bottom,
as given in the plate, with the far-stretching bank at
a depth of less than 500 fathoms, is to a certain extent
hypothetical. In the middle part, namely, no sounding
has yet been taken.
. Before proceeding to describe the figure of the
sea-bed as shown by the soundings, it will be advisable to
state a few geographical appellations for the various parts
of the North Ocean of Europe.
The northern boundary of the North Sea is held to
be congruent with a line extending from Stad in Norway to
the Shetland and Orkney Islands. Towards the north-west,
it meets the Fairoe-Shetland Channel (Lightning-Channel),
between Shetland and the Færoes.
The Norwegian Sea is bounded by the line Stad Shetland—
Færoes—East Iceland—Jan Mayen—South Spitzbergen—
North Cape- -Norwegian coast from North Cape to Stad.
The Greenland Sea is bounded by North Iceland, East
Greenland, West Spitzbergen, and the line Spitzbergen—
Jan Mayen—North Iceland. Through the Denmark Strait,
between Iceland and •Greenland, the Greenland Sea
disembogues into the North Atlantic; through the Jan-Mayen
Channel it is connected with the southern part of the
Norwegian Sea.
The Barents Sea is bounded by the line South
Spitzbergen—North Cape, as also the Coast of Finmark, the North
Coast of Russia, Novaja-Semlja, and East Spitzbergen.
Contours of the Sea-Bed. — In the south-west corner of
the chart, we have the depths of the North Atlantic, the
arms of which enclose the Rockall Bank and meet the banks
west of Ireland, Scotland, and the Færoes, as also those
south and west of Iceland. The British Islands rest one
and all on the bank forming the bed of the North Sea
and having a stoop decline towards the west. Between the
south-western Færoe-Bank and the North-Sea Bank, north
of the Hebrides, extends, north-west of the Orkney Islands,
a narrow continuous ridge, the Wyville-Thomson Ridge,
which, at depths of more than 330 fathoms, wholly
separates the North-Atlantic Deep from that of the North Ocean.
This separation proceeds continuously, without interruption
from deeper parts, past Iceland up to Greenland. Between
the Færoe-Bank and East Iceland rises a broader ridge, up
to a depth of about 250 fathoms. Its deepest summit lies
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