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nænnest Færø-Bankcn. 1 Daumarkstrædet, mellem Island
og Grenland, ligger ogsaa en Ryg omtrent midt i Strædet,
paa lid" N.Br.. hvor Dybden kun naar 819 Favne. Det
europæiske Nordhav ei- saaledes i Dybet fuldkommen
af-stængt fra Atlanterhavets Dyb. Kun i de overste 30(1
Favne kunne disse Have udvexle sine Vandmasser.
Merkelig er den ringe Forskjel, der er paa Maximumsdyhderne
i de 3 Aabninger mellem begge Have — Færø-
Shet-land-Renden, Færo-Islsnd-Flakket. Daumarkstrædet: 880—
277—319 Favne.
Nordsoen or i ilet kele taget grund; i den sydlige Del
er Dybden kun omkring 20 Favne, i den nordlige 50—
100 Favne. Langs Norges Vestkyst, fra Bankerne
udenfor Boinsdaiskysten, skjærer sig en vel afgræmlset dybere
Bonde — den Norske Hende —. der fortsætter, med sin
indre Skraaning meget luer Norges Kyst. rundt Lindesnes
ind i Skagerak til henimod den svenske Kyst. Hel- i
Skagerak har den. udenfor Arendal, sin største Dybde,
443 Favne. Dons grundeste Del ligger udenfor Bommelen
paa 140 Favne.
Imellom Shetland og Færoerne skyder
Færø-Sheflmd-Renden sig mod Sydvest ned fra Nordhavets Dyli.
lien-dons Bund ligger paa o. 600 Favnes Dyb. Den
liegrænd-ses mod Sydvest af Wyville Thomson Byggen.
Under 10» AV. Længde, ganske lidt söndenfor
Polarcirkelen. vise Lodningerne fra "Ingolf’ (1879) et Indsnit
henimod Islandsbanken. Dets Axe poger mod Hekla.
Det europæiske Nordhavs Dyb er ved den fra -Ian
Mayen mod ENE i Botning af Beeren Eiland gaaende
undersøiske Byg afdelt i to Bassiner. Det sydlige Bassin
svarer nærmest til det norsko Hav. Dets dybeste Parti
— Det Norske Di/b — ligger i Vest for Norge,’ Nordost for
Island og Sydost for .Tan Mayen. Paa 68» N. Br. og
3» W. Længde er Dybden’størst, over 2000 Favne. Dybets
Axe or her meridional, men mellem »Ian Maven og
Lofoten—Vestoraalen strækker sig dots umiddelbare
Fortsættelse med Axon vinkelret mod den förste og med betydelige
Dybder. 1600—1800 Favne. Jeg kalder dette Parti
Lofot-Dybet. I Vinkelen mellem Lofotdybet og N’orskodybot
skyder do norsko Kystbankers Fortsættelse mod Dybet
bastioulormot from. Mod Vest staal- Grøndlandsliavet
gjennem Jan-Mai/eii-Rendeii. paa 110O Favnes Dyb. mellem
denne O og Island i direkte Forbindelse med Norskodybet.
Nordenfor "Trerryijfjeii" mellem Jan Maven og
Beo-l’on-Eitand sænker Grønlandshavets største Dvb sig mellem
Grønland og Spidsbergen til over 2650 Favne, hvilket
Dyb loddedes af "Sofia" Expeditionen i 1868. .log kalder
dette Dyb Srenéke-Dljbet. Dets vestlige Del er endnu
ganske ubekjendt, da Havet lier dækkes af Grønlandsisen,
not more than 277 fathoms beneath the surface of the sea.
nearest the Fa-roe-Bank. In Denmark Strait, between
Iceland and Greenland, also occurs a ridge, well-nigl) in
the middle of the strait, lat. 66» N. where the depth
reaches only 319 fathoms. Hence the North Ocean of
Europe is cut off in its lower strata from the deeps of
the Atlantic. Ill tile upper 300 fathoms only is it
possible for the two to mingle their waters. Remarkable
may lie termed the slight difference in the maximum-depths
throughout flu- 3 openings between the said oceans, viz., the
Fieroe-Shetland Channel, thi- Færoc-Icekind Flat, and
Denmark Strait, viz., 830—277—319 fathoms.
The North Sea is on the whole shallow: in its
southern part tin- depth averages only about 20 fathoms, in
its northern 50—100 fathoms. Along the West Coast
ol’ Norway, from the banks off the coast of liomsdal.
extends a comparatively deep, well bounded channel ■ ■
the Norwegian Channel — which passes on. with its inner
declivitv very near the Norwegian Coast, round
Lindesnes (the Naze) into the Skagerak. nearly reaching the
coast of Sweden. Here, in the Skagerak. off Arendal, the
channel attains its greatest depth — 443 fathoms. Its
shallowest part lies off Bmninelen — 140 fathoms.
Between Shetland and the Færoes, the Færoe-SlmtUnd
Channel strikes down towards the south-west from the
deeps of the North Ocean. Tile bottom ol’ Ille channel
lies at a depth of about 600 fathoms. On the south-west,
it is bounded by the Wyvillo-Thomson Bidge.
In long. 10° W’, a very little south of the Polar
Circle, the soundings taken on board the "Ingolf" (1879)
show an incision in the direction of the Iceland Bank.
Its axis points towards Hekla.
The deeps of tile North Ocean of Europe are
divided into two basins by the ridge extending ENE from
Jan Mayen in the- direction of Beeren Eiland. The
southern basin approximates closest the Norwegian Sea. Its
deepest part — the Nonvay-Deep — lies west of Norway,
north-west of Iceland, and south-east of Jan Mayen. In
lat. 68» N and long 3" W the depth is greatest — more
than 2000 fathoms. The axis of the deep is meridional;
but between Jan Mayen and Lofoten—Vesteraalen its direct
continuation extends onward, with the axis at right angles
to the former, and having very considerable depths —
1600 to 1800 fathoms. I have called this part the
"Lofoten-Deep." In the angle between the Lofoten-Deep
and the Norway-Deep, the continuation of the Norwegian
coastal banks extends, bastion-like, towards the deep. To
the west we have the Greenland Sea, passing through
the Jan-hlayen (hannel, at a depth of 1100 fathoms,
between Jan Mayen and Iceland, in direct communication
with the Norway-Deep.
North of flu- " Transverse Ridge.;’ between Jan Mayen
and Beeren Eiland, tin- greatest depth of the Greenland
Sea, between Greenland and Spitsbergen, is upwards of
2650 fathoms, a depth sounded on the "Sofia"
Expedition. in 186S. This deep I shall call the «Siret» Deep."
Its western part is still wholly unknown, the sea being
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