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(1 : 7000000), hvor ogsaa Snittenes geografiske Beliggenhed
med tilsvarende Numer er angivet. Dra verticalc
Maalestok i Snittene er 5 Millimeter paa 100 Favne, eller, da
1 eng. Favn er lig 1.82877 Meter, 5 : 182877 eller 1 : 36575.
Maalestokken tor Dybderne forholder sig saaledes til
Maalestokken for Horizontalafstandeno som 7000000 til 86575
eller som 191.4 til 1.
Til Constructionen af Verticalsnittene er der benyttet de
samme Lodskud som til Dybdekartet, Pl. I, med tilhørende
Bundteinpcraturer. og (le i PI. III til VIII fremstillede
Tem-peraturrækker. Isothermobatherne i Verticalsnittene ere
bragte i Overensstemmelse med Kartet, Pl. XVI, over
Havoverfladens aarlige Middeltemperatur, samt med
Karterne, Pl. XVII til XXV, over Temperaturens Fordeling i
100. 200. 300, 40(1, fioO, Soil. 1000, 1500 Favnes Dyb og
ved Havbunden.
Ovenover Lodskuddene er angivet deres Lobeiiiuner.
Til Venstre staar Dybdoskalaen, hvis Tal betegne
Hundreder af Favne. Paa Tversnittene. der gaa nogenlunde
lodret paa Meridianerne, er nedenunder anbragt ell Skala for
Længdegrader og Endestationernes Bredde anfort, Paa
Længdesnittene, der gaa langs Meridianer (Pl. XIV og XV
samt XXVI), er øverst anbragt en Skala for Breddegrader.
Paa de Snit (Pl. IX). der gaa omtrent, i 45» Vinkel med
Meridianerne, er Endestationernes Bredde og Længde
angivet nedenunder. Curverne i Tversnittene ere Isothernier
i Verticalplanet eller, som ile ogsaa kaldes, Isothcrmohathor
for hver hel Grad Celsius. I de dybere Lag ere
Isother-mobather angivne, med prikkede Linier for — 0°.5 og for
hver Tiendedel Grad under — 1».
Tversnittet I (PI. IX) gaar fra Porcupines Station
No. 87. i 59° 35’ N. Br., 9« 11’ W. Længde, i en Buo
over den sondre Side af Wy ville Thomson-Ryggen og
Færo-Shetland-Benden, og videre gjennem dennes Axe til ror
Station No. 52 i (15" 47’ X. Br., 3» 7’ W. Længde.
Paa den sydvestre Side — Atlanterhavssiden - af
Wyville Thomson-Ryggen har man Varmegrader, med
temmelig jevnt aftagende Temperatur fra Overfladen til
Bunden. Paa den nordostlige Side af samme Byg er
Temperaturens Fordeling en anden. Varmegrader lilides kun
mellem Overdåden og et Dyb af 300—400 Favne. Under
dette Lag findes alene Kuldegrader. Isothermobatherne
fra 8° til 0" ligge meget tæt og betegne en rask Aftagen
af Temperaturen med Dybden, eller en sterk Afkjøling fra
neden opover. I de øverste Lag er Temperaturens Aftagen
medDybden svagere, og i de dybere Lag. livor der hersker
Kuldegrader, er den meget langsom. Den laveste Temperatur
ved Bunden naar neppe - 1».2. Indenfor
Færø-Slietland-Rentlens Omraade have Isothermobatherne over 0° en
Heldning mod Sydvest, eller, jo længere man kommer mod
Nordost, i desto højere Niveauer ligge de respective
Temperaturer.
of Depth. Pl. I (1 :7000000), where, too, the geographical
position of the sections, with the corresponding number, is
given. The vertical scale in the sections is 5 millimetres
to 100 fathoms, or as 1 English fatli..... equals 1.82877
metre, 5:182877. or 1:30575. The standard for depth
bears accordingly to the standard for horizontal distances
the relation of 7000000 to 36575, or ol’ 191.4 to 1.
For constructing the vertical sections, the same
soundings have been used as for the Map of Depth, Pl. I. with
the bottom-temperatures, and the serial temperatures
represented ill Plates III to VIII. The isothermobaths in the
vertical sections have been made to agree with the map,
Pl. XVI showing the mean annual temperature of the
sea-surface, as also with the maps, Plates XVII to XXV.
showing the distribution of temperature at a depth of Kill,
200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 100(1, 1500 fathoms, and at the
bottom of the sea.
Above the soundings, is given the number of each.
Oil the left we have the scale of depth, the figures
indicating hundreds of fathoms. Below tile transverse sections,
which extend nearly perpendicular to the meridians, a scale
has been placed for the degrees of longitude, aud the
latitude of the terminal Stations set down. Above the
the longitudinal sections, that pass along the meridians
(Pis. XIV. XV. and XXVI), is placed a scale for the
degrees of latitude. In the sections (Pl. IX) extending
at about an angle of 45« with the meridians, the latitude
and longitude of the terminal Stations is given below. The
curves in the transverse sections are isotherms in the
vertical plane, or, as likewise termed, isothermobaths. for
every whole degree centigrade. In the deeper strata, the
isothermobaths are indicated by dotted lines for —(>".5
and for every tenth of a degree below — 1°.
Section I (Pl. IX) extends in a curve from the
"Porcupine" Station No. 87, in lat. 59" 35’ X. long 9"
11’ W, across the south side of the Wyville-Thomson
Eidge and the Færoe-Shetland Channel, passing on, through
the axis of the latter, to Station No. 52, in lat. 65" 47’
N, and long 3» 7’ W.
Oll the south-western, or Atlantic, side of the
Wyville-Thomson Ridge, the temperature is above zero, and
gradually diminishes from the surface to the bottom. On the
north-eastern side of the same ridge, the distribution of
temperature is a different one. Temperatures above zero
are observed only between the surface and a depth
of 300—400 fathoms. Below that stratum occur only
temperatures below zero. The isothermobaths from 8"
to 0" lie very close, and indicate a rapid diminution of
temperature with depth, or a very considerable cooling
from below upwards. In the uppermost strata, the
decrease of temperature with depth is less rapid, and in the
deeper strata, where degrees below zero are found to
prevail, it is very slow. The lowest temperature at the
bottom reaches hardly - 1».2. Within the limits of the
Færoe-Shetland Channel, the isothermobaths above 0» exhibit
a decline towards the south-west, or, the greater the
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