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Farvandet i Nordost for Færoerne. Dens tilsyneladende
Fortsættelse mod Syd i Øst for Færoerne betragter jeg
tildels som en Virkning af de dybere kolde Lag paa
Overfladens Temperatur. Temperaturen i Thorshavn er
antagelig lavere end i Havet udenfor, paa Grund af
Strømningerne i Sundene.1
En femte Kuldeaxe gaar langs Grønlands Østkyst i
Danmarkstrædets vestlige Del. hvor Nulgradsisothermen
bojer sig hen iiuod Gap Farvel.
PI. XVII viser Temperaturens Fordeling i 100
Favnes Dyb. Fra Atlanterhavet skyde varme Tunger op mod
Nordhavet, vestenfor og nordentor Island (7°. ti0. 5°, 4°
og 3°), mellem Island og Færøerne (8") og langs Banken
udenfor Hebriderne (10°) og Shetland (9°). I den inderste
Del af den noiske Rende er Temperaturen 6°. Fra
Nordsobankens Spids ved Mundingen af den norske Rende
skyde sig lange varme Tunger (8°. 7°, 6°, 5°) mod NNE
udenfor Norges Vestkyst. Isothermerne ’for 6° og for 5°
udskyde et Par .Sidegrene mod Vest, den nordligste fra
Lofoten henimod Jan Mayen. Paa Tungernes østre Side
aftager Temperaturen henimod de norske Kystbanker,
der saaledes ere omgjerdede af forholdsvis koldere Vand.
Dette Fænomen optræder i fremtrædende Grad omkring
Øerne i Vest-Lofoten, hvor Temperaturen i 100 Favnes
Dyb kun er lidt over 4°.5. I det inderste dybe Bassin i
Vestfjorden er der i dette Dyb (1° og derover. I Østhavet
skyder en varm Tunge (4°) sig ind over den sydlige Del
mellem Nordkap og Beeren-Eiland. Længere Øst deler
Tungen sig i to Dele; den ene folger (3°, 2°, 1°)
Finmarks- og Murman-Kysten, den anden vender sig mod
Nordost. Lange, smale Varme-Tuuger gaa (4°, 3°)
udenfor Spidsbergens Vestkyst lige op til den 80. Breddegrad.
Under denne Kyst er det merkelig koldere paa Banken.
Vestenfor Is-Fjorden, Greenwich Meridian, sees en løsrevet
Vandmasse med Varmegrader midt inde i Kuldegradernes
Omraade.
I Østhavet skyde kolde Tunger sig ned mod ’den
Murmanske Kyst og mod Spidsberg-Beeren-Eiland-Banken.
Fra Grønlandshavet paa den 75. Breddegrad vestenfor
Greenwich Meridian skyde kolde ’Tunger sia: mod Sydost
henimod Vesteraalen (70° N. Br. 12°.5 E. Lg.). En kold
Tunge gaar sydover østenfor .Jan Maven, medens der paa
Jan Maycn-Ba,ukens Vestside findes en nordgaaende Tunge
med varmere Vand. Mellem Jau Maven og Island skyder
en mægtig kold Tunge sig jniod SSE og fortsætter, med
Varmegrader, nordenom Fa»roerne. hvor den sender en
Arni mod Øst og en anden Arni mod Syd, der optager
1 Christiania Videnskabsselskabs Forhandlinger for is";!. Om
visse Virkninger af Stroninie ]>aa Vandets og Luftens Temperatur.
ter, proceeding thence towards the south-east, as far as
the tract of ocean lying north-east of the Færoe Islands.
Its apparent continuation southwards, east of the Fa’roes,
T attribute partly to the action of the deeper cold strata on
the temperature of the surface. The temperature at
Thorshavn is presumably lower than in the open sea round the
Færoes, owing to the currents in the sounds.1
A fifth axis ol’ cold extends along the east coast of
Greenland, in the western part of Denmark Strait, where
the isotherm for 0° curves towards Cape Farewell.
Pl. XVII shows the distribution ol’ temperature at a
depth of 100 fathoms. From the Atlantic, warm
isothermal tongues shoot up towards the North Ocean, west
and north of Iceland (7°. 6°, 5°. 4", and 3°), between
Iceland and the Færoes (8"). and along the bank lying off
the Hebrides (10°) and the Shetlands (9°). Throughout
the innermost pait of the Norwegian Channel, the
temperature averages 6°. From the extremity of the Norfh-Sea
Bank, at the mouth of the Norwegian Channel, long warm
isothermal tongues (8°, 7°, (>°, 5°) extend towards the NNE. oil’
the West Coast ol’ Norway. The isotherms for (>° and 5°
send off a couple of lateral arms towards the west, the
most northerly from Lofoten in the direction of Jan
Maven. On the eastern side of the isothermal tongues,
the temperature is found to diminish towards the
Norwegian coastal banks, which accordingly are encompassed by
relatively colder water. This phenomenon occurs in a
very prominent degree round the islands of West Lofoten,
where the temperature at a depth of 100 fathoms is but
little more than 4°.5. In the deep innermost basin of
the Vestfjord we have at this depth t>" and upwards. In the
Barents Sea, a warm isothermal tongue (4") extends through
the southern tract, between the North Cape a nd Beeren Eilatid.
Farther east, this tongue divides into two parts, one (3°.
2". 1°) following the Finmark and Munnan coasts, the
other passing north-east. Long, narrow tongues of heat
(4° and 3°) extend along the west coast of Spitsbergen straight
up to the 80th parallel of latitude. Off this coast the water
is appreciably colder on the bank. West of lee Sound,
on the meridian of Greenwich, occurs an isolated patch
exhibiting degrees above 0°, in the very region of the
ice-cold water.
In the Barents Sea, cold isothermal tongues descend
towards the Munnan coast and the
Spit/.bergen-Beeren-Eiland Bank. From the Greenland Sea, on the 75th parallel
of latitude, west of the meridian of Greenwich, cold
isothermal tongues strike off south-east towards Vesteraalen
(lat. 70° N, long. 12°.5 E). A cold isothermal tongue
extends southward, east of Jan Mayen, whereas on the
western side of the Jan-Mayen Bank we (ind a tongue of
warmer water passing northward. Between Jan Mayen
and Iceland, a most extensive cold isothermal tongue strikes
off towards the south-south-east, passing on, with de-
1 On certain ElVects ol’ Currents on the Temperature, of the
Sea and the Air. Journal of the Scottish ?f|g|borological Society, Vol.
]V.. No. XL, Dec. 1ST:!. p. Sil.
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