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Nordvestsiden af Færø-Shetland-Renden. I Daiimark-Stræ
det gaar under Grønland en iskold Tunge mod Sydvest.
PI. XVIII viser Temperaturens Fordeling i 200
Favnes Dyb. Langs Vestsiden af Island skyde varme
Tunger sig mod Nord (6° og 5°), ligesaa op mod Islands
Banker i Sydost for dette Land, paa Vestsiden at
Færø-Banken og paa Nordvestsiden af Shetlandsbanken. Disse
fortsætte, med aftagende Varmegrader, langs Norges
Kystbanker, til hvilke de læne sig, uden at koldere Vand ligger
imellem. Videre kunne de forfølges ind i den sydlige
Del af Østhavet (2°) og langs Vestbanken udenfor
Beeren-Eiland og Spidsbergen (2° ved 80° Bredde). Sidegrene
ndgaa mod Vest henimod Island, med et Varme-Maximum
af 4°.3 (Station 52), og omkring 70° Bredde henimod Jan
Mayen, samt under 78° Bredde fra Spidsbergen mod Vest.
De kolde Tunger findes i det Hele taget paa samme
Plads som i 100 Favnes Dyb, fra det nordlige Østliav
langs Østsiden af Bceren-Eiland-Banken, fra
Grønlandshavet mod Sydost i Retning af Vesteraalen, østenfor Jan
Mayen (varm Tunge vestenfor), gjennem Jan-Mayen-Renden,
østenfor Island med Fortsættelse jover den nordre Del a.f
Island-Færø-Ryggen, nordenom Færø-Banken, østenfor samme
paa Nordvestsiden af Færø-Shetland-Renden og mod den
norske Kystbanke söndenfor 65° N. Br. I
Danmark-Strædets nordvestre Del indtager iskoldt Vand det større
Fladerum.
Paa 66° 35’ Bredde, 7° 50’ E. Længde gaar den
norske Kystbanke i Retning W—E, medens den
söndenfor og nordenfor gaar S—N. Vi linde her et Minimum
af Temperatur ved Bunden (4°.8 og 4°.9, Ståt, 121 og
122, i 192 og 201 Favnes Dvb); østenfor og vestenfor ere
højere Temperaturer (G°.2, Ståt. 120, 190 Fw; 5°.G, Ståt.
202 i 246 Fv.), ligesaa nordenfor i samme Dybde. Dette
Minimum, der sees paa Kartet PI. XVIII og paa
Bundtemperatur-Kartet Pl. XXV, er en Straale af koldere
Vand, der nordenfra trænger fra dybere Lag opover
Banken. Forholdet anskueliggjøres ved det Verticalsnit langs
Meridianen 8° E., der findes paa PI. XXVI, hvor man ser
Isothermerne for 5°, 6° og 7° løfte sig mod Syd henimod
Bankens Eg.
Under 75°.5 N. Br. og 15° E. Længde stikker en
Kile med Kuldegrader frem söndenfor Spidsbergens
Sydkap. Det er den kolde Bundstraale, der
ovenfor er omtalt og fremstillet i Tversnit i Profil XX, i
grees above 0°, north of the Færoe Islands, where it sends
off an arm towards the east and another arm towards the
south, the latter filling the north-west side of the
Færoe-Shetland Channel. In Denmark Strait, an ice-cold isothermal
tongue extends along the coast of Greenland, towards the
south-west.
Pl. XVIII shows the distribution of temperature at
a depth of 200 fathoms. Along the west coast of Iceland,
warm isothermal tongues (6° and 5°) strike off towards the
north, and likewise towards the Iceland banks lying
southeast of that island, on the west side of the Færøe Bank,
and on the north-west side of the Shetland Bank. These
tongues continue their course, with diminishing
temperature, along the Norway coastal banks, towards which
they incline without having colder water between. They
admit, too, of being traced farther, viz., into the
southern part of the Barents Sea (2°). likewise along
the western bank off Beeren Eiland, and off Spitsbergen
(2°, lat. 80°). Lateral branches extend westward towards
Iceland, with a maximum of heat, 4°.3 (Station 52).
about the 70th parallel of latitude, towards Jan Mayen, and
on the 78th parallel of latitude, from Spitzbergen towards
the west.
The cold isothermal tongues have as a rule the
same position as they are found to occupy at a depth of 100
fathoms, viz: from the northern tracts of the Barents Sea
along the eastern side of the Beeren-Eiland Bank; from
the Greenland Sea towards the south-east, in the direction of
Vesteraalen; east of Jan Mayen (warm tongue westwards);
through the Jan-Mayen Channel; east of Iceland, with
continuation along the northern part of the Iceland-Færoe
Ridge, north of the Færoe Bank, east of that bank on the
north-west side of the Færoe-Shetland Channel, and towards
the Norway coastal bank lying south of lat. 65° N. In
the north-western part of Denmark Strait, ice-cold water
occupies the greater area.
In lat. 66° 35’ N, long. 7° 50’ E, the Norway coastal
bank extends W—E, whereas south and north it extends
S—N. Here we have a minimum of temperature at the
bottom (4°.8 and 4°.9, Stats. 121 and 122, at a depth of
192 and 201 fathoms); to the east and west occur higher
temperatures (6°.2, Ståt. 120, in 190 fms.; 5°.6, Ståt. 202.
in 246 fms.), also to the north at the same depth. This
minimum, shown in the map, Pl. XVIII and in the Map
of Bottom-Temperatures, PI. XXV, has its origin in a
stream of colder water that makes its way from the north
and from the deeper strata up the slope of the bank. The
relation will be seen by observing the vertical section that
extends along the meridian 8° E, given Pl. XXVI. in
which the isotherms for 5°, 6°, and 7° ascend towards the
south, reaching nearly the edge of the bank.
In lat. 75°.5 N, long. 15° E, a wedge of ice-cold
water pierces forward south of the southern extremity of
Spitzbergen (South Cape). This is the cold bottom-stream
mentioned above, and represented in the transverse section,
Dun norske Nordhav sexpedition. II. Mohn: Nordhavets Dybder, Temperatur og Strømninger.
10
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