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93
nedover, idet Overfladen begynder at opvarmes. Ved
Bunden er et Maximum helt til October. I Maj er Minimum
i 10 Favne, i Juni, Juli og August i 50 Favnes Dyb. Fra
Juni til September er Overfladen varmest. I September er
Minimum løftet til 40 Favne. I October er der Minima i
Overfladen og ved Bunden, medens Maximum er i 30 til 40
Favnes Dyb, og de dybere Lag ere merkelig varmere end
i den foregaaende Maaned. Dette Forhold, der ogsaa fandt
Sted ved Lødingen i October 1879, er neppe det normale,
da det paa sidstnævnte Sted ikke gjenfindes i October 1880,
i hvilket Aar November fik den højeste Varmegrad i de
dybere Lag. I November er der i Altenfjord Minima i
Overfladen og ved Bunden, Maximum i 70 Favne. I December
falder Minimum i 10 Favne og Maximum vod Bunden.
I Grjenneinsnit for hele Aaret finde vi et Maximum
i Overfladen, et Minimum fra 10 til 50 Favnes Dyb og et
mindre Maximum i 100 Favnes Dyb.
same. In April, the minimum begins to pass downwards,
the surface -at that season of the year beginning to get
heated. At the bottom, a maximum continues as late as
October. In May, there is a minimum 10 fathoms deep, in
June, July, and August, at a depth of 50 fathoms. From
June to September, the surface continues warmest. In
September, the minimum has risen to 40 fathoms. In October,
minima occur at the surface and at the bottom, whereas
the maximum occurs at a depth of from 30 to 40 fathoms;
and the deeper strata are appreciably warmer than during
the preceding month. This relation, also found to occur
at Lødingen in October 1879, can hardly be normal, not
having been met with there in October 1880; that year,
November * had the highest temperature throughout the
deeper strata. In November, minima occur in the
Alten-fjord, at the surface and at the bottom, and a maximum in 70
fathoms. In December, the minimum is found in 10 fathoms,
the maximum at the bottom.
For the whole year, we have on an average a
maximum at the surface, a minimum at a depth of 10 to 50
fathoms, and a lesser maximum at a depth of 100 fathoms.
I Overfladen er Minimum i Marts, Maximum i .Juli.
(At the Surfare)
5 Favne „ - Marts, - October.
IO (Fnis.) „ - Marts, - October.
20 „ „ - Marts, - October.
3° n n - Marts, - October.
40 „ „ - Marts, - October.
SO „ Marts, - October.
60 „ „ — - Februar, - October.
70 » — - Februar, - November.
»O „ „ — - Februar, - November.
00 „ ,, - Februar, - November.
100 „ „ - Jan., Feb., Oct., - April, Maj.
Den aarlige Variation har et Maximum i Overfladen,
et secundært Minimum i 5 Favne, et secundært Maximum
i 20 Favne og aftager herfra regelmæssig mod Bunden,
idet den i 100 Favnes Dyb gaar ned til 0°.7.
Saavel ved Lødingen som i Alten-Fjorden foregaar
saaledes Havtemperaturens aarlige Vandring paa den
ejendommelige Maade, at Temperaturen i Begyndelsen af Aaret
er lavest i Overfladen og voxer stadig til 100 Favnes Dybde,
hvor den hele Aaret igjennem er lidet foranderlig. Fra
April af og til Høsten er Temperaturen i de dybere Lag
over 100 Favne fremdeles stigende med Dybden, medens
den i de øvre Lag aftager med Dybden, idet Overfladen
bliver varmere og varmere. Der opstaar saaledes i et vist
Dyb et Minimum af Temperatur, der om Vaaren ligger
højere oppe og om Sommeren dybere nede. Om Høsten, i
September eller October, vil Temperaturen kunne være
langsomt og stadigt aftagende fra Overfladen til Bunden.
Derpaa følger en Periode, i hvilken Overfladen stadig afkjøles,
og det raskere end de underliggende øvre Lag. og
Tempe-turen i disse bliver voxende med Dybden, medens den i de
dybere Lag fremdeles er aftagende. Man faar et Maximum
af Temperatur i en vis Dybde mellem Overfladen og 100
The annual range exhibits a maximum at the surface,
a secondary minimum in 5 fathoms, a secondary maximum
in 20 fathoms, and diminishes from thence gradually to
the bottom, sinking at a depth of 100 fathoms to 0°,7.
Both at Lødingen and in the Altenljord, the annual
variation of the sea-temperature proceeds in the singular
manner, that the temperature, at the outset of the year,
is lowest at the surface, increasing steadily to a depth of
100 fathoms, where it is well-nigh constant all the year
round. From April to autumn, the temperature in the
deeper strata, above 100 fathoms, is still found to rise with
the depth, whereas in the upper strata it diminishes with
the depth, the surface becoming warmer and warmer. Hence,
at a certain depth we get a minimum of temperature, which
in spring lies higher up and in summer deeper down. In
autumn, during the months of September or October,
the temperature will possibly be found to fall slowly and
steadily from the surface to the bottom. Then follows a
period during which the surface becomes steadily cooled,
and with greater rapidity than is the case with the
subjacent upper strata; accordingly the temperature
throughout the latter increases with, the depth, while that in the
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