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103
eller den sandsynligste Værdi a ff
I (M+m) — 2 A
J ~~ 2 {M—m).
Til Bestemmelsen af Factoren f har jeg udvalgt
folgende Stationer, der nærmest kunne repræsentere det aabne
Nordhav:
01* the most probable value of J,
2 i (.l/+m) — 2 A
3 ~~ 2 (J/—m).
For determining the factor f. I made choice of the
following Stations, which may be taken as most nearly
representing the conditions of the Norwegian Sea at large.
M fl» ■rio .1/- m i (■"+<") f (M-m) Af A0-Ac
Lindesnes >5°-7 3". i 8".7 12° 6 9"-4 o°.8 8".6 +0°. i
Udsire IS -4 4-2 9 .0 II 2 9.8 0.7 9.1 -0 .1
Hellisø ’3 -9 4-5 8.7 9 4 9 -2 0.6 8 .6 -l-o.l
Ona 13 0 4.0 8 .0 9 0 8 .5 0.6 7-9 -J-O .1
Eriiholm 8-5 2 .4 5 6 i 5 -5 0.4 5 .1 -0 .1
East Yell 12.2 7-2 9-4 5 0 9 -7 0.3 9-4 0.0
Sandwick 12.9 6.7 9-3 6 2 9.8 0.4 9-4 -O.I
Thorshavn 10.8 5 -4 7 -9 5 4 8.1 0.4 7-7 +0 .2
Papey 6.8 0.7 3 -3 6 i 3 -8 0.4 3-4 -O.I
Grimsey 8.1 ’ -4 4.6 6 7 4 .8 0.4 4.4 +0 .2
Jan Maven 2 .8 -1 .6 0.0 4 4 0.6 0.3 0.3 -O .3
Sum 73-9 82 i 79 .2 0 .0
Den midlere Afvigelse mellem de observerede og
beregnede Aarsmedier bliver + 0". 13.
Man har saaledes til Beregningen af Aarsmediet
A = i (M+»n) — 0.065 (if— i») = m -f-
Beregningen har jeg udfort paa grafisk Vej, idet efter
Kartet Fl. XXVIII Curverne for Marts, for
Parallelgrader i Grønlandshavet og det norske Hav og for hver
5. Længdegrad i Østhavet, sattes under de for August
tidligere optrukne. Med en Proportionspasser, stillet efter
Forholdet l : 0.435, toges paa den større Side Værdierne af
il/— m, Passeren vendtes 0111 og fra Mart s o rdin aterne m
afsattes med den anden Side af Passeren opad Værdien
0.435 (M—m). Herved erholdt jeg en Række Ordinater
for Ac, der forbandtes med en Curve. Fra denne
afsattes dens Skjæringspunkter med Horizontallinierne for
de hele Grader paa et Kart, og Isothermerne for Aaret
indtegnedes gjennem disse Punkter. Ved Hjelp af
Kyst-stationerne og for Nordsøens Vedkommende Resultatet af
Skibsobservationer fra alle Aarets Maaneder completteredes
Kartet. Saaledes er Kartet, Pl. XVI, over Havoverfladens
aarlige Middeltemperatur kommet istand.
Om Nojagtigheden af dette Kart for de Strækningers
Vedkommende, hvor der foreligger Observationer baade for
August og for Marts (det norske Hav og en Del af
Gron-landshavet)kunne følgende Beregninger anstilles. Sættes
Usikkerheden af saavel August- som Marts-Kartets
Tempera-turangivelser for et enkelt Punkt i Havet til + 0°.38, saa
bliver den deraf flydende Usikkerhed i Aars-Kartet + 0°.27.
The mean deviation between the observed and the
computed annual means, will be + 0°.13.
Hence, for computing the annual mean, we have
5—0.065) (M—m) = m -f- 0.435 (M—m).
The calculation I made diagrammatically, placing the
curves for March drawn from the isotherms, Pl. XXVIII,
under the curves previously drawn for August, for the
parallels of latitude in the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian
Sea, and for every 5th degree of longitude in the Barents
Sea. With a pair of proportional compasses, set at 1 : 0.435,
1 first measured, with the long legs, the values of M—m;
the compasses were then inverted, and from the March
ordinate« m I marked off upwards, with the other or shorter
legs of the compasses, the value 0.435 (J/"—m). In this way
I obtained a series of ordinates for A,., which were
combined into a curve. From the latter, its points of
intersection with the horizontal lines for the whole degrees were
marked off 011 a map and the isotherms for the year drawn
through the said points. By means of the Coast-Stations,
and, as regards the North Sea, the result of merchant ships’
observations for all months in the year, the map was
completed. Thus it proved practicable to construct the
map, Pl. XVI, showing the annual mean temperature of
the sea-surface.
Concerning the accuracy of this map in regard to the
tracts where observations had been taken botli for August
and for March (the Norwegian Sea and part of the Greenland
Sea), the following calculations can be made. Putting the
uncertainty of the statements, alike in the maps for August and
March, with respect to the temperature for a single point of the
sea at + 0°.38, the uncertainty thence resulting in the map for
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