A short practical and easy method of learning the old Norsk tongue or Icelandic language / 9 (1869) Author: Rasmus Rask Table of Contents / Innehåll | << Previous | Next >>
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Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Part I - Inflection of Words - I. The Noun - Ist. Declension - IInd. Declension

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46. The words herra and síra (germ. Herr, english Sire,
father) which were used before christian names of Priests
and Provosts (Sira Arni, The Revd. Mr. Arne), are the only
masculines ending in a, they only differ from geisli in the
Nominative.

47. Some Feminines take in the plural not -na but only
-a, as in the Nom. Sing. as: lína, kanna, skepna, lilja,
gyðja, vara.

48. The subst. kona (Queen), woman, changes in the
Gen. plural into kvenna (wife); the word kvinna remains
sometimes in this case unchanged by ancient writers, the
moderns always use kvenna.

Closed Order.

49. This Order embraces not only the words ending in
consonants, but also those ending in i and u. Ten masculine
substantives ending in i of the first Declension, ought to end in e.

This order is divided in two declensions, to the first
belong the words ending in consonants and in i, to the second
belong those ending in a pure sounding u.

50. Second Declension.
		N.	M.	F.
Sing.	Nom.	land (land)	brandr͗ (brand)	för (journey)
Acc.		land	brand	för
Dat.		landi (e)	brandi (e)	för
Gen.		lands	brands	farar
Plur.	Nom.	lönd	brandar	farir (ar)
Acc.		lönd	branda	farir (ar)
Dat.		löndum	bröndum	förum
Gen.		landa	branda	fara.

51. When there is neither a nor ö, no modification
occurs, as: skip (ship), skipum — konúngr͗ (king), konúngum
— eign (property), eign, eignar, eignir, eignum.

only one word has two forms, namely:

Sing.	dagr̓ (the day)	Dat.	degi,
Plur.	dagar	-	dögum.

52. The letter r dissolves when n or l precede, into nn and
ll, as in steinn (the stone) instead of steinr̓, hæll (heel)
instead of hælr̓, and in longer words as: drottinn (master).

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