A short practical and easy method of learning the old Norsk tongue or Icelandic language / 10 (1869) Author: Rasmus Rask Table of Contents / Innehåll | << Previous | Next >>
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Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Part I - Inflection of Words - I. The Noun - IInd. Declension

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lykill (key). Sometimes the i of the Dative drops in the
words ending in ll as:

                        hæl, hól for hæli, hóli.

In the last radical letters r and s the use fluctuates
between r and rr, s and ss. Þórr, herr, hauss, íss, óss, is
often found because of little consequence.

Both kinds of words, if they are monosyllabic in the Nom.
lose the i in the Dative, as: her, ís, for heri, ísi.

The r is altogether dropped after n and l when it comes
into collision with other consonants as in: vagn, hrafn,
fugl, karl (Nom. and Acc.) also after s and ss, as in háls,
kross (in the Nom. Acc. and Gen.).

53. Words in two syllables are contracted when the
pronunciation allows it, as:

Neut.	sumar (summer), sumri — Plur. sumur sumrum, sumra.
	höfuð (head), höfði, höfðum, höfða.
Masc.	hamri, hamrar, hamra, hömrum
	drottni, drottnar — lykli, lyklar etc.

Some words receive an uncommon vowel in the contracted
forms, as:

megin, might, power; D. magni, G. megins. Pl. megin or
mögn (as: goðmögn), D. mögnum, G. magna.

g. m. ketill (kettle),	D. katli,	Plur.	katlar,	A.	katla,	D.	kötlum,
g. f. alin (the ell-measure)	G. álnar,	-	álnir,		alnum,		álna

54. To the contracted belong the Mascul. jöfurr, fjöturr,
they keep ö throughout jöfri, fjötri Plur. jöfrar,
fjötrar.

The others of this class of all three genders have only
an r͗ [[** NB dansk har her ’r! (slik at oversettelsen er en "korrigering") men begge enes i resten av avsnittet, men avviket sprer seg (f eks pkt 59, 65, 67, 69) der begge tekster avviker **]] by the ancient writers (not ur or urr), they must not
therefore be looked upon as contracted, as:

Neu.         silfr̓ (silver), silfri,

Mas.         akr̓ (acre), akri,         Plur. akrar,

Fem.         fjöðr̓ (feather) fjaðrar,         Plur. fjaðrir (ar) fjöðrum, fjaðra.

55. The polysyllabic neuters ending in -að, -an or the fem.
ending in an are not contracted, as:

Sing.	Nom. Acc.	mannlíkan (human being)	skipan (order),
Dat.		mannlíkani	skipan
Gen.		mannlíkans	skipanar (-onar)
Plur.	Nom. Acc.	mannlíkun (on)	skipanir,
Dat.		mannlíkunum (onum)	skipunum (onom)
Gen.		mannlíkana	skipana.

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