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CARBON-MONOXIDE HAEMOGLOBIN. 287
tion of carbon-monoxide haemoglobin, its absorption-spectrum is of the
greatest importance. This spectrum shows two bands which are very
similar to those of oxyhemoglobin, hut they occur more toward the violet
part of the spectrum. The middle of the first hand corresponds to
X = 570, and the second to X = 542 (Lewix, Miethe and Stenger).
These bands do not change noticeably on the addition of reducing
substances; this constitutes an important difference between carbon-
monoxide haemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin. If the blood contains oxy-
hemoglobin and carbon-monoxide haemoglobin at the same time, we
obtain on the addition of a reducing substance (ammoniacal ferro-tar-
trate solution) a mixed spectrum originating from the haemoglobin and
carbon-monoxide haemoglobin. Carbon-monoxide haemoglobin also gives
a band in the violet X = dd6.
A great many reactions have been suggested for the detection of
carbon-monoxide haemoglobin in medico-legal cases. A simple and at
the same time a good one is Hoppe-Seyler’s alkali test. The blood is
treated with double its volume of caustic-soda solution of 1.3 sp. gr.,
by which ordinary blood is converted into a ding}’ brownish mass, which
when spread out on porcelain is brown with a shade of green. Carbon-
monoxide blood gives under the same conditions a red mass, which if
spread out on porcelain shows a beautiful red color. Several modifica-
tions of this test have been proposed. Another very good reagent is tan-
nic acid, which gives with dilute normal blood a brownish-green precip-
itate and with carbon-monoxide blood a pale crimson-red precipitate. 1
As according to Bohr there are several oxyhemoglobins, so also accord-
ing to Bohr and Bock,’- there are several carbon-monoxide hemoglobins, with
different amounts of carbon monoxide. As haemoglobin can unite with oxygen
and carbon dioxide simultaneously, as shown by Bohr and Troup, so also can it
unite with carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide simultaneously and independently
of each other.
Carbon-monoxide methaemoglobin has been prepared by Weil and v. Axrep
by the action of potassium permanganate on carbon-monoxide haemoglobin,
but this is contradicted by Bertix-Saxs and Moitessier.3
Sulphur methaemo-
globin is the name given by Hoppe-Seyler to that coloring-matter which is
formed by the action of sulphureted hydrogen upon oxyhemoglobin and which
is generally designated sidphcemoglobin. The solution has a greenish-red, dirty
color, and shows two absorption-bands between C and D. This coloring-matter
is claimed to be the greenish color seen on the surface of putrefying flesh. Accord-
ing to Harxack the conditions are different when H>S is passed through an
oxygen-free solution of hemoglobin (or carbon-monoxide haemoglobin). The
1
In regard to this test (as suggested by Kunkel) and others we refer to Kostin,
Pfliiger’s Arch., S4, which contains a very excellent summary of the literature on the
subject. See also de Domenicis, Chem. Centralbl., 1908, 2, p. 06.
2
Centralbl. f. Physiol., 8, and Mary’s Jahresber., 25.
3
v. Anrep, Arch. f. (Anat. u.) Physiol., 1880; Sans and Moitessier, Compt. Rend.,
113.
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