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288 THE BLOOD.
sulphsemoglobin thus formed shows one band in the red between C and D.
According to Clarke and Hurtley ’ the formation of sulphsemoglobin takes
place after the reduction to haemoglobin.
Carbon-dioxide Haemoglobin, Carbohcemoglobin. Haemoglobin, accord-
ing to Bohr and Torup,2
also forms a molecular combination with
carbon dioxide whose spectrum is similar to that of haemoglobin. Accord-
ing to Bohr there are three different carbohsemoglobins, namely, a-,
/3-, and 7-carbohsemoglobin, in which 1 gram combines with respectively
1.5, 3, and 6 cc. CO2 (measured at 0° C. and 760 mm.) at 18° C. and a
pressure cf 60 mm. mercury. If a hsemoglobin solution is shaken with a
mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the hsemoglobin combines loosely
with the oxygen as well as with the carbon dioxide, independently of
each other, just as if each gas existed alone (Bohr). He considers
that the two gases are combined with different parts of the hsemoglobin,
that is, the oxygen with the pigment nucleus and the carbon dioxide
with the protein component. Attention must be called to the fact that,
as observed by Torup, hsemoglobin is in part readily decomposed by
the carbon dioxide with the splitting off of some protein.
Nitric-oxide Haemoglobin is also a crystalline molecular combina-
tion which is even stronger than the carbon-monoxide hsemoglobin.
Its solution shows two absorption-bands, which are paler and less sharp
than the carbon-monoxide hsemoglobin bands, and they do not dis-
appear on the addition of reducing bodies. Hsemoglobin also forms a
molecular combination with acetylene and ethylene.
Haemorrhodin is the name given by Lehmann to a beautiful red pigment
soluble in alcohol and ether, which is extracted from meat and meat products
by boiling alcohol and which seems to be produced by the action of small amounts
of nitrites. Another pigment isolated by Lewin 3
from the blood of animals
poisoned by phenylhydrazine, has been called hcenioverdin. By heating a solu-
tion of blood-pigment treated with caustic potash and mixed with alcohol to
60° C. we obtain, according to v. Klaveren, a pigment which he calls kathoemo-
globin, but called by Arnold,4
who first obtained it, neutral hopmatin, which is
produced by the splitting off of a ferruginous complex. This pigment still con-
tains protein, but is poorer in iron than the hsemoglobin or methsemoglobin and
probably forms an intermediary product in the conversion of the above into
hsematin.
Decomposition products of the blood-pigments. By its decomposi-
tion, hsemoglobin yields, as previously stated, a protein which has Leon
1
Hoppe-Seyler, Med.-chem. Untersuch., 151. See Araki, Zeitschr. f. physiol.
Chem., 14; Harnack, 1. c; Clarke and Hurtley, Journ. of Physiol., 36.
2
Bohr, Extrait, du Bull, de l’Acad. Danoise, 1890; Centralbl. f. Physiol., 4 and
17; Torup, Maly’e Jahresber., 17.
3
K. B. Lehmann, Sitzungsber. d. phys.-med. Gesellsch. Wiirzburg, 1899; Lewin,
Compt. Rend., 133.
* v. Klaveren, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 33; Arnold, ibid, 29.
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