Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - VI. Chyle, Lymph, Transudates and Exudates - II. Transudates and Exudates
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
TRANSUDATES AND EXUDATES. 353
correspondence in the amount of salts and extractive bodies present in
the blood and in transudates supplies just as little proof for a filtration
as it does for the formation of lymph; but still it cannot be doubted for
other reasons that filtration is often of great importance in the forma-
tion of a transudate. To what extent filtration is active in the perfectly
normal vascular wall cannot be answered.
The altered permeability of the capillary walls in disease is a second
important factor in the formation of transudates. The circumstance
that the greatest quantity of protein occurs in transudates in inflammatory
processes, to which is also due the abundant quantity of form-elements
in such transudates, has been explained by this hypothesis. The greater
quantity of protein in the transudates in formative irritation is in great
part explained by the large amount of destroyed form-elements. The
interesting observation made by Paijkull, 1
that in those cases in which
an inflammatory irritation has taken place the fluid contains nucleoal-
bumin (or nucleoprotein?), while this substance does not occur in
transudates in the absence of inflammatory processes, can be explained
by the presence of form-elements. Still, such a phosphorized protein
substance does not occur in all inflammatory exudates.
As the secretory importance of the capillary endothelium has been
made probable by the investigations of Heidenhain, it is a priori to be
expected that an abnormally increased secretory activity of the endothe-
lium is a cause of transudates. Those observations which substantiate
such an assumption can also be explained just as well by assuming a
changed permeability of the capillary walls.
The varying quantities of protein observed by C. Schmidt 2
in the
tissue-fluids in different vascular regions can perhaps be explained by the
different condition of the capillary endothelium. For example, the
amount of protein in the pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal fluids
is considerably greater than in those fluids which are found in the sub-
arachnoidal space, in the subcutaneous tissues, or in the aqueous
humor, which are poor in protein. The condition of the blood also
greatly affects the transudates, for in hydrsemia the amount of protein in
the transudate is very small. With the increase in the age of a transudate,
of a hydrocele fluid for instance, the quantity of protein is increased,
probably by resorption of water, and indeed exceptional cases may occur
in which the amount of protein, without any previous hemorrhage, is
even greater than in the blood-serum.
The proteins of transudates are chiefly seralbumin, serglobulin, and
a little fibrinogen. Proteoses and peptones do not occur, excepting
1
See Maly’s Jahresber., 22.
2
Cited from Hoppe-Seyler, Physiol. Chera., 607.
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
