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HYDROCELE AND SPERMATOCELE FLUIDS. 359
As the quantity of protein in ascitic Quids ie dependent upon the same
factors as in other transudates and exudates, it is sufficient to give the
following example of the composition, taken from Bernheim’s l
treatise.
The results arc expressed in 1000 parts of the fluid:
Max. Min. Mean.
Cirrhosis of the liver 34.5 5.6 9.69—21.06
Bright’s disease 16.11 10.10 5.6—10.36
Tuberculous and idiopathic peritonitis. . . 55.8 18.72 30.7 —37.95
Carcinomatous peritonitis 54.20 27.00 35.1—58.96
Joachim found the highest relative globulin amounts and lowest albumin
percentages in cirrhosis; in carcinoma, on the contrary, the lowest globulin and
the highest albumin. The values in cardiac stagnation stand between the cirrhosis
and carcinoma percentages.
Urea has also been found in ascitic fluids, sometimes only as traces, some-
times in larger quantities (4 p. m. in albuminuria), also uric acid, allantoin in
cirrhosis of the liver (Moscatelli), xanthine, creatine, cholesterin, sugar, diastatic
and proteolytic enzymes, and according to Hamburger 2
also a lipase.
Hydrocele and Spermatocele Fluids. These fluids differ essentially
from each other in various ways. The hydrocele fluids are generally
colored light or dark yellow, sometimes brownish with a shade of green.
They have a relatively higher specific gravity, 1.016-1.026, with a variable
but generally higher amount of solids, an average of 60 p. m. They
sometimes coagulate spontaneously, sometimes only after the addition of
fibrin ferment or blood. They contain leucocytes as chief form-elements.
Sometimes they contain smaller or larger amounts of cholesterin crystals.
The spermatocele fluids, on the contrary, are as a rule colorless,
thin, and cloudy like water mixed with milk. They sometimes have an
acid reaction. They have a lower specific gravity, 1.006-1.010, a lower
amount of solids—an average of about 13 p. m.—and do not coagulate
either spontaneously or after the addition of blood. They are, as a rule,
poor in protein and contain spermatozoa, cell-detritus, and fat-globules as
form constituents. To show the unequal composition of these two kinds
of fluids we will give the average results (calculated in parts per 1000
parts of the fluid) of seventeen analyses of hydrocele fluids and four
of spermatocele fluids made by Hammarsten.3
Hydrocele. Spermatocele.
Water 938.85 986.83
Solids 61.15 12.17
Fibrin . 59
Globulin 13.25 0.59
Seralbumin. . 35.94 1 .82
Ether extractive bodies 4 . 02
Soluble salts 8.60 \ 10.76
Insoluble salts . 66
1
1. c. As it was impossible to derive mean figures from those given by Bernheim,
the author has given the maximum and minimum of the averages given by him.
’Arch. f. (Anat. u.) Physiol., 1900, 433.
* Upsala Lakaref. Forh., 14, and Mary’s Jahresber., 8, 347.
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