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370 CHYLE, LYMPH, TRANSUDATES AND EXUDATES.
spleen constituent, and this nucleoprotein yields 25 per cent glutamic
acid on hydrolysis. Histone has not been directly detected in the spleen;
but its presence is to be admitted because Krasnosselsky x
was able
to isolate a histone-peptone as sulphate from the spleen. The ferruginous
albuminate has been considered as a spleen constituent for a long time,
and especially also a protein substance which does not coagulate on boil-
ing and which is precipitated by acetic acid and yields an ash contain-
ing much phosphoric acid and iron oxide. This substance is probably
identical with the nucleoproteins which later investigators such as Sato
and Capezzuoli 2
have prepared from the spleen. These nucleoproteins,
which are modified products, contain iron in variable amounts and more
or less firmly combined.
The pulp of the spleen, when fresh, has an alkaline reaction, but
quickly turns acid, due partly to the formation of free paralactic acid
and partly perhaps to glycerophosphoric acid. Besides these two acids
there are found in the spleen also volatile fatty acids, as formic, acetic,
and butyric acids, as well as succinic acid, neutral fats, cholesterin, traces
of leucine, inosite (in ox-spleen), scyllite, a body related to inosite (in the
spleen of Plagiostoma) ,
glycogen (in dog-spleen), uric acid, purine bases,
and jecorin. Levene found a glucothionic acid in the spleen, i.e., an
acid which is related to chondroitin-sulphuric acid but not identical
therewith, and which gives a beautiful violet coloration with orcin and
hydrochloric acid. The question whether this glucothionic acid originates
from the above-mentioned nucleoprotein or from the mucoid substance
has not been decided (Levene and Mandel). In regard to the question
whether this acid is a unit body or not we refer to the work of Mandel
and Neuberg and Levene and Jacobs.3
In the human and ox-spleen Burow 4
has found three phosphatides
which all contain iron in organic combination. Among these one is a
saturated diaminomonophosphatide and the other two are unsaturated
phosphatides.
Many enzymes are found in the spleen also, and certain of these
are of special interest. To these belong the uric-acid-forming enzyme,
the xanthine oxidase (Burian), which occurs in the spleen of many
animals, but not in man, and which transforms the oxypurines,
hypoxanthine, and xanthine into uric acid; also the deamidizing enzymes
1
Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 49.
2
Sato, Bioch. Zeitschr., 22; Capezzuoli; Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 60.
8
Levene, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 37; Levene and Mandel, ibid., 45 and 47;
Mandel and Neuberg, Bioch. Zeitschr., 13; Levene, ibid., 16; Neuberg, ibid., 16; Levene
and Jacobs, Joum. of experim. Medic, 10.
* Bioch. Zeitschr., 25.
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