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450 THE LIVER.
as first discovered by Ransom, is destroyed, as shown by Hausmann, by
replacing the hydroxyl groups. These combinations between cholesterin
and saponins have been studied by Madsen and Noguchi and by
Windaus. 1
The so-called cholesterin-stones are best employed in the preparation
of cholesterin. The powder is first boiled with water and then repeatedly
boiled with alcohol. The cholesterin which on cooling separates from the
warm filtered solution is boiled with a solution of caustic potash in alcohol
so as to saponify any fat. After the evaporation of the alcohol the choles-
terin is extracted from the residue with ether, by which the soaps are
not dissolved; filter, evaporate the ether, and purify the cholesterin by
recrystallization from alcohol-ether. The cholesterin may be extracted
with fat from tissues and fluids by first extracting with ether and then
proceeding as suggested by Ritter. 2
The essential points in his method
consist in saponifying the fat with sodium alcoholate, removing the alcohol
by evaporating to dryness with NaCl, and finally extracting the dried
pulverized mass with ether. After evaporating the ether the residue is
dissolved in as little alcohol as possible and the cholesterin precipitated
by the addition of water. It is ordinarily easily detected in transudates
and pathological formations by means of the microscope. In regard to
the methods of preparation, detection and quantitative estimation of
cholesterin we refer to the larger text-books.
Ransom, Deutsch. med. Wochenschr., 1901; Hausmann, Hofmeister’s Beitrage,
6; Madsen and Noguchi, Kgl. Dansk. Vidensk. Selskabs. Forh., 1904; Windaus, Ber.
d. d. chem. Gesellsch., 42.
2
Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 34. See also Corper, Journ. of biol. Chem., 11.
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