Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - XIV. Urine - II. Organic Physiological Constituents of Urine
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
UROBILIN. 745
Tne quantity of urobilin in the urine under physiological conditions
varies widely. Saillet found 30-130 milligrams and G. Hoppe-Seyler
80- 140 milligrams in one day’s urine.
There are numerous observations on the elimination of urobilin or
urobilinogen in disease, especially by Jaffe, Disque, Gerhardt, G.
Hoppe-Seyler,1
and others. The quantity is increased in hemorrhage
and in disease where the blood-corpuscles are destroyed, as is the case
after the action of certain blood-poisons, such as antifebrin and anti-
pyrine. It is also increased in fevers, cardiac diseases, lead colic, atrophic
cirrhosis of the liver, and is especially abundant in so-called urobilin
icterus.
The properties of urobilin may vary, depending upon the method
of preparation and the character of the urine used; therefore only the
most important properties will be given. Urobilin is amorphous, brown,
reddish brown, red, or reddish yellow, depending upon the method
of preparation. It dissolves readily in alcohol, amyl alcohol, and
chloroform, but less readily in ether or acetic ether. It is less soluble
in water, but the solubility is augmented by the presence of neutral
salts. It may be completely precipitated from the urine by saturating
with ammonium sulphate, especially after the addition of sulphuric acid
(Mehu 2
). It is soluble in alkalies, and is precipitated from the alkaline
solution by the addition of acid. It is partly dissolved by chloroform
from an acid (watery-alcoholic) solution; alkali solutions remove the
urobilin from the chloroform. The neutral or faintly alkaline solutions
are precipitated by certain metallic salts (zinc and lead), but not by others,
such as mercuric sulphate. Urobilin is precipitated from the urine by
phosphotungstic acid. It does not give Gmelin’s test for bile-pigments.
It gives, on the contrary, a reaction which may be mistaken for the biuret
test, by the action of copper sulphate and alkali.3
Neutral alcoholic urobilin solutions are, in strong concentration,
brownish yellow, in great dilution yellow or rose-colored. They have a
strong green fluorescence. The acid alcoholic solutions are brown,
reddish yellow, or rose-red, according to concentration. They are not
fluorescent, but show a faint absorption-band, X, between b and F, which
borders on F. The absorption maximum lies according to Lewin and
Stenger 4
at 7 = 494-497. The alkaline solutions are brownish yellow,
1
In regard to the literature on this subject we refer the reader to D. Gerhardt,
"Ueber Hydrobilirubin und seine Beziehungen zum Ikterus " (Berlin, 1889), and
also G. Hoppe-Seyler, Virchow’s Arch., 124.
2
Journ. de Pharm. et Chim., 1878, cited from Maly’s Jahresber., 8.
3
See Salkowski, Berlin, klin. Wochenschr., 1897, and Stokvis, Zeitschr. f. Biologie,
34.
4
Pfluger’s Arch., 144.
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
