Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - XIV. Urine - III. Inorganic Constituents of Urine
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
CHLORIDES. 759
mixed diet is 10-1.") grams of NaCl per twenty-four hours. The quantity
of common salt in the urine depends chiefly upon the amount of sail in the
food, with which the elimination of chlorine increases and decreases.
The free drinking of water also increases the elimination of chlorine,
which is greater during activity than during rest (at night). Certain
organic chlorine combinations, such as chloroform, may increase the
elimination of inorganic chlorides by the urine (Zeller, Kast 1
).
In diarrhoea, in quick formation of large transudates and exudates,
also in specially marked cases of acute febrile diseases at the time of the
crisis, the elimination of NaCl is materially decreased. The excretion
of chlorine may vary considerably in disease, but still the NaCl taken with
the food has here, as in physiological conditions, a great influence on the
NaCl excretion.2
The quantitative estimation of chlorine in the urine is most simply per-
formed by titration with silver-nitrate solution. The urine must not
contain either proteid (which if present must be removed by coagulation)
or iodine or bromine compounds.
In the presence of bromides or iodides evaporate a measured quantity of the
urine to dryness, fuse the residue with saltpeter and soda, dissolve the fused
mass in water, and remove the iodine or bromine by the addition of dilute sul-
phuric acid and some nitrite, and thoroughly shake with carbon disulphide.
The liquid thus obtained may now be titrated with silver nitrate according to
Volhard’s method. The quantity of bromide or iodide is calculated as the
difference between the quantity of silver-nitrate solution used for the titration
of the solution of the fused mass and the quantity used for the coresponding
volume of the original urine.
The otherwise excellent titration method of Mphr, according to which
we titrate with silver nitrate in neutral liquids, using neutral potassium
chromate as an indicator, cannot be used directly on the urine in careful
work. Organic urinary constituents are also precipitated by the silver
salt, and the results are therefore somewhat high for the chlorine. If
this method is to be employed, the organic urinary constituents must be
destroyed, by incineration after the addition of saltpeter free from
chlorine.
According to Bang and Larsson 3
the disturbing substances which react
with AgX03 can be removed by shaking with blood-charcoal. The value of this
surest ion is essentially diminished, because every blood-charcoal cannot be used,
and therefore a special testing of the blood-charcoal must be done.
teller. Zehschr. f. physiol. Chem., 8; Kast, ibid., 11; Vitali, Chem. Centralbl.,
1899. 2.
2
On the elimination of chlorine in disease, see Albu and Neuberg, Physiol, u. Pathol.
des MineralsotTwe chsels, Berlin, 1906.
3
Bioch. Zeitschr., 49.
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
