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metal, then, in truth, one is
compelled to admit that this is a region
beloved of the gods, where human
intelligence has employed to the full its
opportunities of gaining rich harvests
from mountain, wood and field.
The Company’s estates are traversed
by two private railways, viz., the
Uppsala-Gävle and the
Dannemora-Harg lines. The situation of the
property in the neighbourhood of the Baltic
is an extremely favourable one for
export, the nearest harbour being
Hargshamn, some 21 1/2 miles from Österby.
Smaller amounts of goods are exported
either via Stockholm or by way of
Gothenburg. Most of the Company’s
ironworks enjoy railway communication,
in addition to which, new lines of
railway between these centres are in
course of construction.
The "Roof-fall" at the Dannemora Mines.
HISTORY.
The history of these iron-estates is an interesting one, and shows us that the iron
industry in these tracts can look on a most honourable past. This is specially the case
as regards Österby and Leufsta. As the establishment of both of these iron works–
and of the others, too–can be ascribed to the discovery and working of the
Dannemora iron fields, we shall say a few words about the history of these mines in connection with that of the works.
Like many other iron mines in Sweden that at Dannemora was first worked in
order to obtain precious metals. It is mentioned as a silver mine in a document dated
1481, and is there stated to have been discovered "some years ago". At the time of the
introduction of the Reformation, the mine belonged to the Church and, as such, was
proclaimed Crown property by Gustavus Vasa. It was not before 1545 that Dannemora
can be said to have been considered as an iron mine, i. e., just about the period of the
establishment of the neighbouring ironworks of Österby, Leufsta, Gimo, &c. At that
time the mine had been leased to foreigners, Germans especially. The latter owners
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