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30
I. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF SWEDEN.
Thus, in the
northernmost part of Sweden,
spring begins in May and
summer as låte as the
middle of June, and its
length scarcely exceeds
two months, the autumn
commencing as early as the
middle of August, whereas
on the south and
southwest coasts spring
begins in March and
summer already towards the
middle of May and lasts
till the beginning of
October. The length of
summer thus somewhat
exceeds 41/s months in
this part of Sweden.
Winter lasts no less than
seven months in the
north of Lappland, viz.
from October to May,
whereas in southern
Sweden and the island of
Gotland its length does not
amount to three months.
— In Stockholm, winter
begins the 24th of
November, Bpring the 29th
of March, summer the 25th
of May, and autumn the
24th of September. Spring
and autumn thus last two
months each, summer and
winter four each.
The island of Gotland is distinguished by the great length of its autumn,
winter not beginning before the 24th of December, which is later than at any
other place in our country. Also the spring of that island lasts long and yields
only slowly to summer. These peculiarities are due, of course, to the influence of
the Baltic. By an inspection of the table, one will find that the same phenomenon,
though less manifestly, takes place also at the other stations situated on the sea-coast.
The length of the frostless season has a great influence on vegetation. The
early frosts at the end of summer are the most dangerous enemies of the farmer
in the northern Swedish provinces. At Karesuando, the last spring frost comes, on
an average, the 15th of June, and the first autumn frost the 27th of August;
thus there are only 72 frostless days. In the environs of Stockholm 41/* months
are frostless, and on the island of Hven, in the Sound, even more than six monthB.
Generally speaking, we may say that the climate of Sweden lies
midway between the continental and the maritime type. The climate
of the northern part, however, approaches more to the former, and that
of the southern more to the latter. The difference between the winter
Sunset scene on Lake Mälaren.
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