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342
IV. EDUCATION AND MENTAL CULTURE IN SWEDEN.
of Gothenburg, one by the Royal Society of Science and Literature in Gothenburg,
one by the directors of the Gothenburg Museum, and one by the ordinary members
of the united staffs of the Higher Classical and Scientific Colleges of Gothenburg,
all (excepting the President) for three years at a time; the rector of the
university is a member ex officio.
The immediate government and care of the university are exercised by its
rector (who is chosen for three years at a time by the council of teachers from
among its ordinary members) and by the Council of teachers, which consists of
the ordinary professors at the university or their temporary substitutes. The
university is intended to comprise, in the future, first, a famltv of humanistics;
then a faculty of mathematics and natural sciences; and afterwards a faculty of
law. At present only such teaching is carried on as can be considered as
belonging to the faculty of humanistics. The examinations at the university are
held by an examination-commission, consisting of a chairman appointed for a certain
time by the Government, and of the examiners in all the examination subjects.
In the spring term of 1903 there were at the university of Gothenburg 11
professors, 4 docents, and 2 lecturers in modern languages. The salary of the
professors is 6,000 kronor, with the right to a pension of 80 % of the salary
on reaching 65 years of age, and after 30 years service at the university. The
docents receive 4,000 kronor, 3,000 kronor, and 1,500 kronor per annum. The
lecturers are paid chiefly by the fees for their instruction.
The academical year of the university begins Sept. 1 and is divided into two
terms (Sept. 1—Dec. 15 and Jan. 15—June 15). Those partaking of the
instruction are partly regular students, who have been matriculated after passing
the common university entrance examination, and partly special students, who by
permission of the different teachers, and on payment of special fees, attend
certain lectures or exercises, and partly auditors, who attend the public lectures
free of charge. The number of regular students at the university, during the
spring term of 1903, amounted to 85, of special students to 117, and of auditors
at the public lectures to 1,576.
The university of Gothenburg, with the support of a fund, donated for the
purpose, issues a yearly publication (since 1895) containing scientific papers and
accounts of the university work during the year. A series of popular
scientific monographs has also begun to be published by the teachers of the university.
The funds of the university, which are placed under the administration of
the Financial Board of the city of Gothenburg, now amounts to about 3 million
kronor. Its budget for the year 1902 was 100,000 kronor. Stipends to the amount
of about 6,500 kronor are distributed annually. The lecture-halls, etc., of the
university are as yet in a rented house; but recently it has received a donation
of 450,000 kronor for the erection of a building of its own.
4. technical education.
Technical education at the present moment holds a very high
position in Sweden. With regard to the considerable distances, it were,
however, to he desired that schools for elementary instruction within
this department became more numerous than now is the case, and also
the higher institutions stand in need of being enlarged.
Higher, scientific instruction in technical subjects is imparted at the
Technical High School in Stockholm and at the Higher division of
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