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MEDICINE.
463
deserving of credit as regards modern care of the sick, and has made
investigations concerning fevers and diseases of the blood; S. E. Henschen (born 1847),
of the Uppsala university, has made important investigations about nervous and
especially brain diseases and about the sightcenter in the brain (Pathologie des
Gehirns, 4 vols), and has also, among other matters, written about heart diseases.
J. G. Edgren (born 1849), of Stockholm, has published investigations concerning
diseases of the heart and blood-vessels. In Uppsala O. F. Petersson (born 1844)
has made studies respecting the diagnosis of affections of the heart, albuminuria,
and tuberculosis. In Lund S. Ribbing (born 1845) works as lecturer on clinical
medicine. T.Hellström (born 1857) has made investigations on the treatment of
diphtheria by serum. T. Stenbeck (born 1864) has discovered the sedimentator.
Dnring the latter half of the 19th
century several specialties have developed here.
Pediatrics, the father of which was
Rosen-stein, was constituted a modern science by
Fr. T. Berg (1806/87; works concerning
thrush, among other subjects), and in his
footsteps Hj. Abelin (1817/93) and A.
Kjellberg (1828/84) followed both as teachers
and promoters of this science, as also the
pediatric still living, 0. Medin (born 1847),
who has treated of infantile paralysis, and
J. Warn (1849/1903), who has made
investigations concerning diphtheria and croup.
Knowledge of venerial diseases has been
furthered by works of E. Ödmansson (born
1831), lately on syphilis congenita, and E.
Welander (born 1846), who has made
investigations on the absorption of mercury by
the human system and its expulsion from it,
and has discovered new methods of treatment.
The scientific study of mental
diseases was founded with us in 1859 by
N. G. Kjellberg (1827/93), who opened
the first psychiatrical clinic at Uppsala.
Nervous disorders have been treated by
Fr. Lennmalm (born 1858), H. Köster
(born 1858), and several younger specialists.
The oldest Swedish mineral wells were
analyzed by Urban Hjärne (1641/1724).
J. 0. Lagberg (1789/1856) introduced the modern water cure. Balneatory
and climatal therapeutics have been advanced practically and scientifically
especially by C. Curman (born 1833), who has analyzed the climatical conditions
and the watering properties of the West coast of Sweden, as also by A.
Levertin (born 1843). E. G. Johnson (born 1852) has applied himself to treatment
of stomach disorders, and O. G. Wetterstrand (born 1845) to hypnotism.
Surgery was practised in Sweden until the middle of the 18th century as a
trade of the so-called barbers and barber-surgeons. At that time the scientific
tendency generated by the development of anatomy also thrust itself in upon us,
and Olof af Acrel (1717/1806), highly deserving both as a theorist and a
practitioner, is rightly pronounced the father of surgery in our country. Through the
breaking up of the so-called Surgical Society (1797) and the establishment of
the Caroline Institute in the capital (1810), the old barriers between physician
and surgeon disappeared, and henceforth the Swedish physician is required to
Fredrik Teodor Berg.
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