Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 1. Articles for Nutriment or Indulgence - Breweries, by A. Heljestrand, Master-brewer, Gothenburg
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
articles for nutriment or indulgence.
789
of malt used up in the manufacture of beer and porter is probably no
less than 450,000 quintals (à 1-9 7 cwts.), and for small beer 100,000, or
together about 550,000, equal to 770,000 quintals of barley. The malt
required is for the most part prepared by the breweries from Swedish
barley, chiefly grown in the province of Skåne, and in the islands of
Gotland and Öland. Only small quantities of Danish barley and of
Austrian, Danish, and German malt are imported for the requirements
of the breweries. Malt from wheat is used very little, and rice as a
substitute for malt is only employed at very few breweries. Hops are
chiefly derived from abroad; the home production is exclusively devoted
to the making of small beer; all hops for the making of beer and porter
are imported, principally from Bavaria and Bohemia.
The statistical data concerning the imports and exports of hops render it
possible to form a very accurate idea of the extent of the manufacture of beer and
porter during the last few decades. If we assume that 5 % of the excess imports
is used for small beer, and that on an average Vs kilogr. of hops is required for
every hectoliter of beer (lager beer, pilsener beer, lager drink etc.) and porter, the
following averages are obtained for the consumption of hops and for the production
of beer and porter during the stated periods (home production of hops being
excluded):1
Averages. Consumption of hops. Beer and Porter manufactured.
1871/76..................... 246,620 kilograms. 703,000 hectoliters.
1876/80..................... 269,161 . 767,000
1881/85..................... 310,866 » 886,000
1886/90..................... 404,049 > 1,152,000
1891/95..................... 467,173 » 1,331,000
1896/00..................... 590,267 » 1,682,000
From the above it will be seen that the manufacture of beer has more than
doubled since 1871/75; the annual amount of malt liquors at present must be
about 1,630,000 hectoliters of beer, 50,000 hectoliters of porter and about 1,200,000
hectoliters of small beer (Svagdricka, of 4—6 % Ball.).
The number of breweries, according to official figures, in 1880 was 374, in
1890, 554, and in 1900 probably about 600. Most of these are situated in the country
and are engaged in the manufacture of small beer. The lager-beer breweries proper
are mostly in or near towns. Stockholm (annual production about 550,000
hectoliters of beer and porter), Gothenburg (ditto 250,000), Gefle, Malmö, Norrköping,
Sundsvall, Uppsala, Karlskrona, Helsingborg, Eskilstuna, etc., possess breweries with
quite modern equipment and with a considerable turnout. The greatest amount
hitherto produced at any one brewery in Sweden in one year is probably 125,000
hectoliters.
Just as the brewery industry in Sweden borrowed its methods from Germany,
so, too, the breweries themselves, even when constructed by Swedish firms — of
which Wiklund & Co. in Stockholm is the chief one — are built and equipped
on analogous lines to those in Germany. The facility with which Swedish brewers
are able not only to acquire theoretical knowledge with regard to their branch in
Germany and Austria, but also to become informed with regard to the various
technical improvements in machinery and method from time to time introduced in
those countries, has rendered it a matter of minor importance to seek to develop
technical skill at home; as, moreover, that spur to the invention of new and im-
1 A kilogram = 21 lbs. A hectoliter = 22 imp. gallons.
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
