Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - III. Constitution and Administration. Introd. by E. Hildebrand - 2. State Administration. By E. Söderberg - Prison System. By V. Almquist - Hygiene and Care of the Sick. By C. E. Waller and R. Moosberg
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III. CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION.
resources (David Carnegie’s fund and B. A. Danelius’s fund), donated for the
purpose. During the years 1903—12, the Board of Prisons in this way added
24 088 kronor from the said fund.
Respecting operations for the Aid of Released Prisoners, reference is made to
them in the article, "Social Rescue Work". The prison authorities look
after discharged prisoners through the agency of a central society and of an
employment bureau, the central help bureau, which is under their direct
control; there is also a reception home on an estate called Åby in Uppland.
According to the regulation in force, it is incumbent on the prison chaplains
and the other officials to strive for this end, and considerable work is done by
them in this matter. As regards finances, the Board has at its disposal for the
work in question partly the profits from the prisoners’ savings fund (the capital
amounting to about 404 000 kronor) partly private subscriptions, and in part a
state contribution, 16 000 kronor a year. In one form or another help was
bestowed on 2 791 released prisoners in 1913. For the aid of released prisoners
there are different societies: e. g., besides the "Central Society" (above
mentioned), the "Queen’s Protection Home" (Drottningens skyddshem) and 23 societies
in the different läns.
All penitentiaries and penal workhouses are governed by the Royal
Board of Prisons. This Board consists of one Director General and two
Bureau Chiefs, of whom the one deals with matters of
administration, the other those of finance. The different penitentiaries are managed
by governors or superintendants. At each penitentiary are also appointed
a chaplain and a medical officer. At the central prisons are besides keepers
or assistants. The latter also act as assistant superintendants. The
wnr-ders are chosen with scrupulous discrimination, and, by raising their pay
from time to time, it has been made possible steadily to raise the
standard of education and moral fitness. A warder receives, when he lias been
ten years in the service, 1 600 kronor, besides rooms and fuel.
The total net expenditure for the prisons of the Kingdom, including
the maintenance of buildings but not the erection of new prisons, reached
2 663 971 kronor in 1913. The cost of daily rations for each prisoner in
the same year was 38-68 ore.
Hygiene and Care of the Sick.
The expences involved by efforts to preserve the public health are met
•chiefly by the county councils and communes, apart from a considerable
contribution from the State as well; but as the salaries of officials also are
paid by the State, which supervises by means of responsible authorities
the whole of this department of the administration, it might very properly
be transferred to State management altogether.
There is no mention of doctors in the history of Sweden before the
16th century. They were educated at medical schools abroad and
employed partly in the service of the Court and of the wealthy nobility, partly
in that of the army. They lacked internal unity, and were independent
of any medical authority. It was not till long afterwards that traces
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