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410
iv. education and mental cultulle.
sistory is composed, besides the rector, of the vice-rector, and a certain number
of professors representing the different faculties and sections, some of whom
become members of it in rotation according to seniority, others being elected
by Convocation. The Lesser Consistory is composed, besides the rector, of the
vice-rector and five other professors, elected by Convocation, one for each faculty
or section. In all these corporations the bursar (räntmästare) and the librarian
have a seat and a vote when matters relating to their departments are being
treated. Convocation elects the chancellor, rector, and vice-rector, as well as the
members of the consistories and the financial committee (drätselnämnden). The
Greater Consistory has the supervision of all the more important matters relating
to the university, proposes candidates for the filling of vacant posts, awards
scholarships, and so forth. The Lesser Consistory watches over the observance
of the regulations regarding lectures and examinations, exercises discipline, and
so on. The purely economical side of university administration is in the hands
of a financial committee (drätselnämnd), consisting of the rector, the bursar,
and three "members of the teaching" elected by Convocation.
At the Karolinska Institntet the governing authorities are the Rektor, who is
appointed for three years at a time by the lärarkollegiet from among its
members, lärarkollegiet, or the corporation of the teachers, which consists of all the
professors of the Institute, kollegiinämnden, or the collegiate board, and
förvaltningsnämnden, or the administration board. The Dean (dekanus) acts as
vice-rector and as vice-chairman in lärarkollegiet.
The teaching staff at each of the two state universities is divided into
four faculties: those of Theology, Law, Medicine, and Philosophy; the
latter is sub-divided into two sections: the humanistiska, that
representing the Humanities, and the matematisk-naturvetenskapliga, that
representing Mathematics and Science. Each faculty or section is composed of
the professors belonging to it, one of whom, in rotation and by seniority,
acts as chairman, called dekanus, for each academical year. The degrees
conferred by each faculty are, in order of rank, those of kandidat,
licentiat, and doktor. It should be noted, that Doctors of Divinity may also
be nominated by the Government without examination. Moreover,
certain civil service examinations are taken in the faculties of Theology,
Law, and Philosophy.
The principal teachers at the universities are the Professors. Other
permanently appointed university teachers are the laborators
(demonstrators), in several medical and scientific institutions, the prosektors, or
demonstrators in anatomy, at the Medical Faculty of Uppsala and at the
Karolinska Institutet; and at the astronomical institutions of each of the
two universities an observator, or astronomer. Moreover, an indefinite
number of docents, or lecturers, may be appointed in connection with each
professorship. The practical side of the instruction in foreign languages
is in the hands of native language teachers, called lektors. There are
instructors in gymnastics, music, and drawing, called exercitiemästare.
The appointment to a vacant professorship may be made either by application
(ansökan) or by nomination (kallelse). In the former case, the procedure is as
follows. The vacancy having been duly announced, and the applicant having
duly sent in his application and testimonials, the faculty or section, having
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