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private universities. 413
Table 71. Number of Students at Universities and University colleges.
Annually Mean
population of Sweden Uppsala Lund [-Karolinska Institutet Stockholms-] {+Karolin- ska Insti- tutet Stock- holms+} Högskola Göteborgs Högskola Total Number of students per 10 000 of pop.
1870 ..... 4 164 000 1 403 454 54 1911 459
1871-75 . . . 4 274 000 1554 542 82 __ _ 2178 5-10
1876-80 . . . 4 500 000 1448 612 153 _ _ ’2 213 4-92
1881-85 . . . 4 605 000 1660 807 253 40 _ 2 760 5’99
1886-90 . . . 4 742 000 1825 889 375 46 _ 3135 6-61
1891—95 . . . 4 832 000 1564 728 380 50 32 2 754 5-70
1896-00 . . . 5 032 000 1495 637 326 47 59 2 564 510
1901-05 . . . 5 214 OuO 1 524 708 272 89 84 2 677 5-13
1906-10 . . . 5 406 000 1976 999 280 405 142 3 802 7-03
1911..... 5 542 000 2 295 1 233 330 616 244 4 718 8-51
1912..... 5 583 000 2 383 1236 352 657 235 4 863 8-71
1913..... 5 621 000 2 461 1421 395 741 235 5 253 9-35
of students’ choral unions. — Besides the "nations", there are a number of
societies, for scientific purposes, sport, not to omit music and singing, a sphere
in which the Swedish students have acquired word-wide celebrity.
The number of the students in all the university colleges of Sweden, both
State and private during the years from 1870 to 1913 will be seen from Table
71. This table shows that the number of students, both absolutely and in
proportion to the population, after some decrease during the period from 1891 to
1905, has latterly increased considerably; and this though a generation of
students is now, owing to a more methodical scheme and greater pace of study,
more short-lived than before. This increase may be put down to the improved
economical condition of the lower ranks of society,1 the foundation of several
new secondary schools and other institutions in which youth are prepared for a
university career, the access of large numbers of women students, the extension
of "examination rights" to the Stockholms högskola (formerly only a scientifical
teaching body), and perhaps also to certain abatements in the somewhat rigorous
requirements of the studentexamen. Out of the total of 5 253 students in the
autumn of 1913 276 belonged to the faculty of Theology, 1 207 to that of Law, 901
to that of Medicine, and 2 869 to that of Philosophy, to which latter faculty also
belong those who are taking the teologisk-filosofisk examen required for
admission to the Theological faculty. Among the students who attended the
universities in the autumn of 1913 there were 425 women.
Besides handsome new University Buildings with spacious halls
for ceremonies (aula), lecture rooms, common rooms for the consistories
and the faculties, each university possesses valuable collections and
institutions, housed in premises of their own, and with their own staff of
officials. Thus we note at Uppsala particularly the University Library,
called "Carolina Rediviva", (from having been rebuilt in the reign of
Charles XI), with about 380 000 volumes besides pamphlets in over 20 000
filing cases, and about 14 000 volumes or filing cases of
manuscripts, the Botanical Gardens, founded by Olof Rudbeck senior, and
developed by Linnaeus, the Astronomical Observatory, the University
1 Low social status is in Sweden no barrier to a university career.
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