Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - IV. Education and Mental Culture. Introd. by P. E. Lindström - 11. Science - Political Economy and Sociology. By Eli F. Heckscher and G. F. Steffen (Sociology) - Statistics. By [G. Sundbärg] K. A. Edin
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iv. education and . mental culture.
a series of treatises on Social Politics and a General Sociology, 1910—11, in»
four parts. A prominent place is held among earlier Swedish sociologists by
Gustav Björklund (1846—1903), notably by his work "Om nationernas
samman-växning" (On the Fusion of Nations).
Statistics.
An account has been given of the appearence of official Swedish demographical’
statistics at the middle of the 18th century (Tables Archive) under the
title-Official Statistics (page 219). As a characterization of the first tables of
population it was remarked that they formed an epoch in their own subject, both in
Sweden and in the whole world. As they were produced quite from the
beginning in a very high state of perfection, and as their series continue without
lacunae, it may with justice be said that they occupy a position thoroughly
unique. It is, therefore, no wonder that men of mark in the statistical
science-of Sweden, ever since the beginning of the Tables Archive, were, in the first’
place, demographical statisticians, by means of whose labours these
statistics-attained such eminence as to serve as models and set a standard for other
countries.
Among the men who were prominent at the period of the establishment of’
the Tables Archive, we have already singled out (page 220) archbishop E.
Benzelius, the Younger (1675—1743), whose deanery tables of births and deaths in
the-diocese of Linköping 1721—30, drawn up from parish registers, may be said to a
certain extent to have awakened the idea of establishing the Tables Archive. P.
Elvius (1710—49), secretary of the Academy of Sciences, may be considered one
of the organizers of this work; he published in the Proceedings of the Academy
the first scientific articles on the demographical statistics of Sweden. P. Wargentin
(1717—83), astronomer, the secretary after the early death of Elvius, was
one-of the moving spirits in creating the Tables Archive. His treatises on the
material of tables published in the Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences and
translated into German have prominently contributed to the development of
the-science of demographical statistics. His tables of mortality are especially renowned
and mark an epoch for his day (see G. Eneström, P. W. Wargentin und
die-sogenannte Halley’sche Methode, 1899).
Among the writers of demographical statistics of the 19th century, who
are-deceased, we recall F. T. Berg (1806—87), an esteemed physician and an active
member of the Statistical Tables Commission and of the Statistical
Committee-of 1854, and the first chief of the Central Bureau of Statistics, in which
latter-capacity he wrote the texts for a large number of statistical publications, and also
collaborated (with Hellstenius) in the publication of international statistics, and J.
Hellstenius (1834—88) whose Studies in Comparative Demography contributed
powerfully to make this science popular. We have also to mention K.
Sidenbladh (1840—1911), who was for a succession of years the head of the section
of demographical statistics in the Central Bureau and finally head of the bureau
itself, and the noted historian H. Forssell (1843—1901), remarkable for
his-bistorico-statistical works, founded upon material from the latter half of the 16th
century.
Without doubt the pre-eminent scientific names among the Swedish statisticians
of recent times are those of Sundbärg and Fahlbeck, both primarily
demograph-ists, the latter being also a prominent writer on political science and political
economy. G. Sundbärg (1857—1914; since 1910 the first professor in
statistics at Uppsala University) has by the work published in German in 1907:
Chief Results from the Demographical Statistics of Sweden, 1750—1900, given
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