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iv. education and mental culture.
The earlier scientific labours of the Academy of Agriculture has, since 1907,
been transferred and extended by the creation of a special department called the
Central Establishment for Agricultural Experiments, which has six different
divisions and publishes the results of its investigation in its "Returns", which are
issued in separate numbers. As directors of the experiments may be noticed;
in the division for agriculture, S. Rhoclin (b. 1856) and P. Bolin (b. 1865);
for agricultural chemistry, H. G. Söderbaum (b. 1862), known for his
experiments as to the action of artificial manures; for cattle-rearing, Nils Hansson
(b. 1867), also known as the author of text-books on the subject; for agricultural
botany, Jak. Eriksson (b. 1848), who has long been well-known for his
observations on Swedish cereals, but also, and more especially, for his work "Diseases
— particularly blight — attacking cultivated plants"; for entomology, H. A.
Tullgren (b. 1874); and for bacteriology, J. G. Chr. Barthel (b. 1873).
Since 1898, the machine- and implement-testing departments of the agricultural
high schools at Ultuna and Alnarp have been specially active in the experimental
branch of their work, and the results of their labours have been published in
yearly reports, drawn up by the secretaries or other members of the institutes in
question, viz., H. Juhlin-Dannfelt (b. 1852), A. Sjöström (b. 1861), Aug. Upmark
(b. 1865), A. G. Timberg (b. 1859), L. Fr. Rosengren (b. 1861), P. E. Ullberg
(b. 1866), K. Fr. Adelsköld (b. 1880), O. J. Th. Nycander (b. 1857), L. G.
Thomé (1875), C. Hultman (b. 1869), and L. H. Kylberg (b. 1872).
In the province of dairying, N. Engström (1851 —1906), in "The Book of
Farming" (Lantbrukets Bok), commenced a meritorious work on the industry
in question, which has been concluded by L. Fr. Rosengren, who, in addition,
has laboured successfully for the improvement, both quantitively and
qualitatively, of dairy produce, and for the introduction of better and more scientific
methods of work.
Horse-breeding and rearing have been dealt with in works by C. G. Wrangel
(1839—1908), W. v. Haffner (1845—1913), author of "The Stud-book for Skåne";
by V. Nauckhoff (b. 1839), E. Abramson (b. 1864), the latter a specialist
on the Ardennes breed, etc. Works deserving of special mention which deal
with the breeding etc., of other domestic animals, are those by Nils Hansson
and E. O. Arenander (b. 1862), and others. The history of agriculture has
claimed attention from time to time; among the number of writers the following
may be noted here: P. v. Möller (1809—83), "Stray Suggestions on the History
of Swedish Agriculture" and other works; H. Forssell (1843 —1901), "The
Agricultural Industry in Sweden in the 16th Century" and other papers; and
Fr. Åkerblom (1839—1901), "Historical Notes on Cattle-breeding in Sweden".
Under the title, "The Book of Farming" (Lantbrukets Bok), there has been
published since 1901 a comprehensive encyclopcedic work, intended to serve both
as a text-book at agricultural high schools and as a guide for farmers who have
enjoyed a higher degree of training. The authors of its various sections are:
FI. Juhlin-Dannfelt, C. G. Wrangel, N. Engström. L. Fr. Rosengren, A. Sjöström,
E. Nyström (b. 1.863), II. Funkquist (b. 1871), N. Hansson, and E. Bohm
(b. 1858). — Text-books, partly intended for the lower schools of agriculture,
have been written by L. P. Holmström (b. 1840), J. Fr. Hallenborg (b. 1854),
C. Rydberg (b. 1870), II. Kylberg, G. von Zweigbergk (b. 1873), E. W. Ljung
(b. 1878), J. Nathorst (b. 1860), etc., and others in a more popular style, by
P. Rösiö (b. 1861), and others.
Among works in the domain of agricultural economics published during the
present year, the following are deserving of mention: "Forestry", by A. N. H.
Wahlgren (b. 1861); "The conditions governing the Home Market for Swedish
Agricultural Produce", by N. Wohlin (b. 1881); "Rational Agricultural
Bookkeeping", by L. Nanneson (b. 1881).
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