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iv. education and mental culture.
Linnaeus having introduced system into the animal kingdom, the work of his
immediate successors was naturally addressed to classifying the various species
of animals in accordance with that system. Numerous new animal forms were
described, and, in order to collect material, journeys were made even to the
remotest regions of the globe. In Linnaeus’ native country this was for some
time almost the only kind of zoology that existed. Among Linnaeus’ numerous
Swedish disciples we note the zoologists P. Forshål (1732—63), K. P. Thunberg
(1743—1828), and A. J. Retzius (1742 — 1821). The latter was professor in
Lund University. Thanks to Retzius and several other excellent zoologists Lund
became, and remained for some time, the centre of zoological research in
Sweden. The most renowned of these scientists was Sven Nilsson (1787—1883), who
exercised the greatest influence on the teaching of zoology in Sweden, especially
by his works on the Scandinavian fauna. He also made important researches in the
sphere of paleontology and archeology. Other eminent zoologists at Lund University
were the two entomologists J. W. Zetterstedt (1785—1874) and K. 0. Thomson
(1824—99), and 0. M. Torell (1828—1900); the latter’s chief line, however, was
geology. The present professor of zoology at Lund is Hans Wallengren (b. 1864).
Sven Nilsson.
The foundation of the State Natural History Museum at Stockholm in 1820
was a step of supreme importance for the development of zoology in Sweden.
The first superintendents of the zoological section of that institution were the
entomologist J. V. Dalman (1787—1828) and the ichthyologist B. Fries (1799
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