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mechanics and mathematical physics.
613
In a review of Sweden’s contribution to the development of mechanics and
mathematical physics, it will be necessary first to glance at the mathematical
entrance hall of the great educational edifice viz. at the sphere of research
which is called by the time-honoured name of "partial differential equations in
mathematical physics". One of the most important tasks here encountered is the
construction of the so-called fundamental solution of a system of partial
differential equations. For one class this task is solved by E. I. Fredholm (b. 1866,
professor at Stockholm) in connection with a problem on the theory of
elasticity. For the equations encountered in hydro-dynamics the same problem is dealt
with by C. V. Oseen (b. 1879, professor at Uppsala). Finally, N. Zeilon (b. 1886)
has given a general method which in many cases leads to the object in view.
In this connection may be mentioned the works of II. Petrini (b. 1863) on the
derivatives of the potential functions.
Ivar Fredholm.
By means of the method of fundamental solutions a great many
mathematical problems, important from the point of view of mathematical physics, are
reduced to a single task, viz. the solution of a so-called linear integral equation.
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