Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - IV. Education and Mental Culture. Introd. by P. E. Lindström - 11. Science - Meteorology and Hydrography. By N. Ekholm and A. Wallén
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
meteorology and hydrography.
619
egular observations with regard to wind and weather have been carried out,
tow under the direction of the Pilotage Board, at all large lighthouses.
Wind-;auges are now to be found at various lighthouses and at most of the
above-aentioned stations for the control of storm warnings.
The Lund Astronomical Observatory has possessed, since the nineties of last
entury, a number of self-recording meteorological instruments, while, since
.907 Stockholm has had three stations, provided by the town, which are
iquipped with self-recording instruments, namely those at the Epidemic Hospital,
it Slussen, and at Skanstull. At these three stations measurements are made
if the temperature and humidity of the air and of atmospheric precipitations, at
he two former also of the direction and velocity of the wind, at the Epidemic
Hospital observations with regard to sunshine, and at Skanstull with regard
o atmospheric pressure. There has also been a meteorological station at Kiruna
or some years past, provided with several self-recording instruments. In 1905,
he Stockholm Association of Natural Sciences, in conjunction with the Academy
if Sciences, erected at the Vassijaure scientific station, near the railway station
>f Riksgränsen, a First Class Meteorological Observatory, at the expense of a
lumber of patrons of science, which carried on work there until the end of
1912, when it was removed to Abisko on Lake Torne (Torne Träsk). For the
rarpose of investigating meteorological conditions in the high mountains of
^appland, A. Hamberg (b. 1863) has established, partly at his own expense
md partly with the help of State grants, several stations with self-recording
nstruments north of Kvikkjokk at various heights above the sea-level, the
lighest being situated on Pårte-tjàkko, 1 850 meters above the level of the sea;
le also attempted to institute a’ similar station at the very summit of this
nountain, at a height of 2 003 meters above the sea, but was obliged to remove
t, as the occasional, extraordinarily great formations of hoar frost rendered the
nstruments out useless.
In 1912, Sweden possessed the following stations at which meteorological
ibservations were made: 2 first class stations, one at Uppsala and one at
Vas-iijaure; 5 stations with more or less complete sets of recording instruments,
! at Stockholm, 1 at Lund, and 1 at Kiruna; 57 second class stations (of which
! were private and 20 were located in lighthouses); 101 temperature stations;
>33 atmospheric precipitation stations (of which 23 were lighthouses);
observations were also made and noted at a great number of stations in respect of the
ormation and breaking up of the ice, thunderstorms, phenomena in the vegetable
md animal kingdoms dependent on the weather, such as times for blossoming and
’ormation of fruit, the times when the trees burst into leaf and when the leaves
ell, for agricultural operations, such as, sowing and harvesting etc., of the arrival
md departure of birds of passage, of the appearance of reptiles, insects, etc.
Investigations with regard to the climate of Sweden have been published by
V. Ehrenheim, (1753—1828), Edlund, Rubenson, Hildebrandsson, H. E.
lamberg, N. Ekholm- etc., and on dynamical meteorology by
Hildebrands-on, H. E. Hamberg, N. Ekholm, and others. Several of these investigations
lave been put to practical use, for instance for the weather service of the
Central Meteorological Office. Of practical importance are also the
investiga-ions begun by O. Pettersson (b. 1848) and Hildebrandsson with regard to
he reciprocal effect of average weather conditions at widely distant places,
he former of whom made his investigations in conjunction with hydrographical
rork, and the latter according to a purely meteorological method. Important
avestigations from the point of view of dynamical meteorology and hydrography
lave been carried out by V. Bjerknes (b. at Christiania in 1862; teacher at the
Stockholm University) and his pupils, V. Ekman (b. 1874) and J. V.
Sand-tr’om (b. 1874).
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
