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Y.
SOCIAL MOVEMENTS.
In practically all civilized countries, the present time is characterized
by penetrating movements for the reformation (or revolution) of the
community —■ differing from earlier times, insofar that they have
reached down to the masses of the nations. In Sweden, where
education is advanced and political freedom has existed for centuries, these
movements have obtained much strength: y^et even in this respect, too, as
is so often the case elsewhere, peculiarities emerge testifying that Sweden’s
development continues very largely to go its own way.
Of these movements, the greatest attention among Swedes has been
drawn to the labour movement, religion, the woman question, and
temperance.
The labour movement will be fully dealt with later, in the section
"Labour questions and social politics".
Concerning the religious movement, some data have already been given
in the section "Church and Religion", and below in the article on Y. M. C. A.
and Y. W. C. A. It should here be remembered that this powerful popular
movement has extended its influence to many departments of social life.
For the first time, at any rate since Engelbrekt’s days, a strong movement
has arisen in Sweden from the very dephts of the communitj^. It is peculiar
to the country that this has taken place in the sphere of religion, and
neither in the political nor the social arena: but when once aroused, the
new life will surely assume other forms than the religious — as has already
been the case, in fact.
The educating power of such a movement is manifest. Even from the
economic point of view the awakening has been of much importance by
promoting diligence, thrift, and economy.
Somewhat fuller accounts shall here be rendered of the woman
question and temperance severally.
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