Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Social Movements - 1. Labour Questions and Social politics - Labour Disputes. By E. Sjöstrand
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v. social movements.
Year Number of labour disputes started Number of employers directly affected Number of workmen directly aifected
1907 ...... .......312 818 23 540
1908 ...... .......302 1424 40 357
1909 ...... .......138 8188 301 749
1910...... ....... 76 146 3-671
1911...... ....... 98 1920 20 576
1912...... .......116 789 9 980
1913...... ....... 119 204 9 591
Special attention is attracted towards the great extent of the labour disputes
in 1905 when the mechanical workshops conflict embraced the entire country,
in 1908, when harbour and building work all over the country was affected,
and in»particular in 1909, the year of the great lockouts and of the General
Strike. A preponderating proportion of disputes took the character of strikes,
although the number of lockouts was large, especially in the years 1907—09.
With regard to causes, the conflicts may be classified in the following manner
for the period of 11 years:
"Wages questions.......... 1 277 Disputes regarding time of work ... 55
Questions of organization...... 272 Other causes............393
The number of disputes with regard to the right of association has been fairly
small (51), while conflicts regarding the introduction of trade collective
agreements have been more numerous. Many disputes have been caused by the
engagement and dismissal of workmen.
With regard to the results of the conflicts, the following figures may be given:
Number of labour disputes concluded
according to employers’ conditions . . 601 by compromise...........681
» » workmen’s conditions . . 609 with unknown result........106
The question of the effect of organization upon the result has been the subject
of special investigation, by which it has been proved that the workmen have
had much less success in the disputes in which they have lacked organization
than when the contrary has been the case. This has also, as a rule, proved to
be so in the case of the employers.
The number of working clays lost by the strikes and lockouts which have
occurred in various years is shown in the following table:
Year
Number of [-working-days-]
{+working-
days+} lost
1903 ........................642 000
1904 ........................386 000
1905 ........................2 390 000
1906 ........................479 000
1907 ........................514 000
1908 ........................1 842 200
1909 ........................11799 700
1910 ........................39 000
1911 ........................569 800
1912 ........................292100
1913 ........................303 300
In the various years, special attention is attracted towards the high figures of
1905, 1908, and 1909. The particular disputes which contributed most to the
loss of working days in these years have been mentioned above.
The official statistics also give special information with respect to breach of
contract in strikes and lockouts, the manner of settling disputes — negotiation,
conciliation, and arbitration — and the cessation of work in the State and
communal service.
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