Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Social Movements - 1. Labour Questions and Social politics - Labour Disputes. By E. Sjöstrand
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labour disputes.
64!)
The first labour dispute of which information is available ocurred in 1803,
and in the following years of the same decennium there were a small number
of strikes and lockouts, not amounting to 5 in auy year. It was not until
towards the end of the eighties that the disputes may be said to have assumed more
considerable dimensions, especially in the industries connected with articles of food
and consumption, clothing, timber, metal, earth and stone, building and transport
by land. Numerous agricultural labour disputes took place between the years
1890 — 94, but were for the most part of short duration. The fluctuation in
the number of conflicts in short periods is probably due principally to the
changes in economic conditions, so that, for instance, in the prosperous years
1872—74, 1890—91, and 1896—1900, there was a particularly great increase
in the number of disputes. The greatest number was in Malmöhus Lan, after
which come the city of Stockholm, Göteborg och Bohus Län. Most of the
disputes are stated to have been strikes, and in more than half of the
known cases the causes were questions of wages. The results are known for
about half th’e total number of conflicts and were as follows for the years
1863—1902:
Number of labour disputes
Employers’
conditions
. 152
Workmen’s
conditions
353
Compromises
243
The above statistical resumé does not include the so-called General Strike of
15th—nth May, 1902, which was due to political causes. From information
contained in the special report drawn up on this subject, it may be stated that
the number of workmen who took part in the strike may be estimated at about
95 000. This general strike had its centre of gravity in Stockholm and on
the-whole affected the towns to a much greater extent than the rural districts,
where only large labour centres were affected.
Statistics with regard to strikes and lockouts in the years 1S86—1902 have
also been drawn up by O. Dahlquist, from which may be quoted the
following-figures :
Years
1886-90. . . 157 9 964 187 640
1891—95 ... 149 9 629 402 270
1896 -00 ... 440 46 187 996 800
Number of labour disputes Number of workmen affected Number of
working-days lost
1901 ..... 127 6 200 210 000
1902 ..... 123 9 600 350 000
Strikes and Lockouts from 1903 to 1913. As already stated, official
returns exist, drawn up by the Board of Trade (Kommerskollegium) — now by
the Social Board (Socialstyrelsen) — for the time since 1903. These statistics
are principally based on information obtained from the parties themselves, by
means of a special printed form, and may be considered to be as reliable and
complete as can on the whole be expected. The following figures give
information with regard to the number and extent of the labour disputes in various
years:
Year Number of labour disputes started Number of employers directly affected Number of workmen directly affected
1903 ..........................142 478 24 571
1904 .............215 598 12 248
1905 ........................189 847 32 906
1906 ..........................290 729 18 655
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