Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Social Movements - 1. Labour Questions and Social politics - Legislation for the Protection of Workers. (Factory Laws etc.). By M. Marcus and J. A. E. Molin
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v. social movements.
at a future time. In order, under a suitable form, to secure the cooperation of
the workers themselves in the observance of the law, certain regulations are
made with respect to deputies appointed by the workers, for the purpose of bringing
forward desiderata respecting safe and sanitary conditions of labour. Minors
employed in large industry shall be subjected to medical inspection at least once
a year, in order to ascertain whether the minor’s occupation is detrimental to his
or her health or physical development. The Government is entitled to extend
the regulations of this section also to spheres besides large industry. Further,
the Government is empowered inter alia to issue detailed regulations with respect
to medical examinations and inspections of minors prescribed by the law. A
Royal Decree to this effect was promulgated on the 31 December 1912.
The Execution of the Law. The competent supervisory authorities shall
endeavour to carry into effect the regulations made to prevent injury arising
from work, primarily by means of advice and instructions. If measures of this
kind are not found sufficiently effective, the supervisory authorities shall apply
to the Governor of the län to obtain prohibition for the employer to carry
on the work, or make use of a certain premise, machine, tool, or method of
work, after a certain appointed time, without the adoption of certain stated
measures of precaution. Transgression of such prohibition shall be punishable
with fines of from 10 to 500 kronor or, under very aggravating circumstances,
with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months. Offences against the
regulations of the law respecting the employment of minors or women in work
as a rule carry with them direct liability to punishment, that is to fines of from
10 to 500 kronor, or in certain cases where the regulations are essentially of
a formal nature, fines of from 5 to 200 kronor.
2. Special laws for the prevention of danger in work, (a) Ordinance
relating to measures of precaution for the prevention of necrosis among workers
in match factories (9 December 1896). This Ordinance, which is directed
against a special disease, prescribes that the manufacture of matches into the
igniting-composition of which ordinary (white or yellow) phosphorus enters as a
constituent part, shall be carried on only in a factory specially erected for the
purpose, and driven or managed by an expert. The factory shall contain separate
rooms, secluded from the other working premises, for the preparation of the
igniting-composition and the dipping of the matches therein, for the drying of
the matches and the packing thereof. In these rooms powerful ventilation shall
be produced by mechanical ventilators, and there shall be appliances to prevent
phoshorous vapours being inhaled or spread about the premises. There shall be
separate rooms for keeping the workers’ clothes and victuals, and in these rooms
facilities shall also be afforded for the workers to take their meals. A separate
washing room shall also be provided. Phosphorus should be kept in special
frost-free rooms in houses that shall not contain residential premises.
The manufacture of matches shall not be started until the factory has been
visited by the inspector, and workers shall not be engaged for the above-named
work until they have been examined by a doctor. In the preparation of the
igniting-composition and the dipping of the matches, shall not be employed
workers under 18 years of age. Nor shall workers under 14 years of age be employed
in the drying of the matches or their packing in bundles or boxes. A worker
shall not be employed in the preparation of igniting-composition, or in the
dipping of matches, for a longer period than one month at a time, and shall
resume his employment only after a month has expired without any injurious
effects of the work having come to light. The manufacturer shall find his
workpeople in special working garments, footgear and soap. A medical
examination shall be made, at the expense of the factory owner, of all his workpeople
at least every three months, by a medical officer appointed by the Län Govern-
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