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ix. shipping and navigation.
Shipping between Sweden and Foreign Countries.
The extent of Swedish foreign shipping, that is to say, the number and
tonnage of vessels leaving Sweden for foreign ports, or arriving in Sweden
from foreign ports, is indicated for the period elapsed since 1875 in Table
114. The average tonnage of such vessels entered and cleared during the
years 1876-—80 amounts to 6-43 million tons. In 1912 a tonnage of 25-51
million tons had been reached.
On the whole, the foreign shipping with Swedish ports is quite
exceptionally extensive in comparison with the population. The average for
the years 1906—10 amounted to nearly 400 tons for every hundred of the
population.
Of all the countries in Europe, only Denmark, Holland, and Norway
can present higher figures than these; even Great Britain and Ireland
stop short at 300 tons for every hundred of the population. If we bear
in mind, besides, that the home-shipping in Sweden is more extensive
than in the countries just named as surpassing us in foreign shipping, the
final result will be, probably, that the total shipping of the Swedish ports
is, in proportion to the population, more lively than in any other country
in Europe. The cause of this circumstance is that the goods that Sweden
handles are, on the whole, of a very bulky nature. This is the case, too,
even with the imports, of which fossil coal is the chief; but above all it
is the case with the exports, of which, as is well known, the bulk consists
of timber, minerals, and metals.
The result of this circumstance is that Sweden stands in a position of
far greater international importance in respect to the tonnage she keeps
employed than in respect to her actual commerce. According to Kiæers
investigations, it is probable that, at the present time, no article of the
world’s commerce requires so great a ship-tonnage for its carriage as
timber does; and it is, of course, Sweden that is the greatest seller of timber
throughout the world. Even in the coal-trade, Sweden plays an im-
Table 114. Shipping between Sweden and Foreign Countries.
Annnally Vessels entered Vessels cleared Total
Number Tonnage Number Tonnage Number Tonnage
1876- -80..... 21 919 3 196 448 21 472 3 231 885 43 391 6428333
1881- -85..... 27 611 4 226 782 26 182 4 204 253 53 793 8 431 035
1886- -90..... 28 640 4 934 938 27 012 4 933 878 55652 9 868 816
1891 -95..... 30 241 5 931 836 29 485 5 970121 59 726 11901 957
1896- -00..... 34140 7 781 894 34179 7 793 822 68 319 15575 716
1901- -05..... 35 958 8 896 728 36 036 8 888 616 71994 17 785344
1906- -10..... 35164 10 132 689 35 246 10 141 969 70 410 20274658
1911 36 241 11 634 258 36 318 11 756 389 72 559 23 390647
1912 38 057 12 681 250 38 584 12 830 640 76 641 25 511890
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