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urban communications.
2. URBAN COMMUNICATIONS.
The enormous development of the population, administration, and
industries of the large towns has brought about a corresponding
development in their means of internal communication, which constitutes one
of the most characteristic features of the present day. As Sweden
possesses only two or three large towns, these even being of comparatively
modest dimensions, there has not, of course, been-much opportunity for
rivalry in this respect with the cities of more populous countries, but,
in proportion to the population and traffic, the means of
communication existing within the three chief towns of Sweden are fairly well
developed, while, in a large number of other towns of the second rank, the
internal communications have been relatively well provided for.
First, as regards the railway lines running into the towns, it is only
within the last decade or two that this means of communication has
been employed to satisfy the demands of local traffic. It has been
the emigration to the suburbs and the so-called "villa-communities"
around the larger centres of population — chiefly Stockholm — which has
sprung into being during the period mentioned, that has occasioned the
local traffic, a traffic which has developed enormously during the last few
years.
As regards Stockholm, where, from many co-operating circumstances, the
growth of suburban traffic has been specially rapid, it was the Stockholm—
Västerås—Bergslagen Railway that first commenced the traffic in question, viz.,
by the line between Stockholm and Sundbyberg. An extensive local service
afterwards arose both on the State Railways, northwards and southwards, and
on the Stockholm—Roslagen lines to the north-east. The Stockholm—Saltsjön
Railway, which was built in consequence of the rise of the seaside resort of
Saltsjöbaden, has an immense traffic nowadays. The two lines of railway last
mentioned — of winch the suburban traffic of the first has, for a long time
back, been carried on by means of electric trains, while the latter has been
electrified during thi course of 1913 — have had the number of their
passengers considerably increased by the fact that the centres of certain branches
of sport, winter-sport especially, are the two places, Djursholm and Saltsjöbaden,
Table 130. Statistics Concerning certain Suburban Lines, in 1912.
Railway Constructed in Length km Cost of
construction kr. Receipts 1912 kr. [-Expenditure-] {+Expen- diture+} 1912 kr. No. of passengers 1912
Stockholm—Nynäs .... 1901 55’.. 5482000 556000 359000 461000
Stockholm—Djursholm. . . 1893 16o 3 795 000 551000 374 000 1913 000
Stockholm-Saltsjön. . . . 1893 15s 3 452 000 578 000 457 000 2 015 000
Gothenburg—Särö..........1903-04 24-, 1924 000 228 000 176 000 635 000
Malmö-Limhamn .... 1889 5’o 924000 198000 135000 784000
Hälsingborg -Rål-Ramlösa 1891 (1906) 8’s 1 621000 225 000 120 000 526 000
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