Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Sidor ...
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
MR. WHITE. 1311
cerning grace, election, predestination, and the like, were founded
upon the writings of Saint Augustine, and were similar to those of
Luther and Calvin, and opposed to the doctrine of meritorius works,
as held by the Catholics generally, and especially by the Jesuits.
Jansenius died in 1638; but his views were adopted widely, and they
who held them were called Jansenists. They, without leaving the
Catholic Church, resisted the claims of an absolute supremacy of the
papacy and the priests. Of course, they were violently opposed,
especially by the Jesuits. In 1660, Louis XIV, who was much
under the influence of the Jesuits, declared at a national assembly
of the clergy that he regarded it as his religious duty to exterminate
Jansenism. But in despite of his efforts Jansenism grew. The
conflict between these parties was intensified when one Quesnel pub
lished a work on the New Testament which was decidedly Jansenist,
and became very popular. The Jesuits attacked it, and Louis XIV
induced Clement XI to issue the Bull Unigenitus, which was SO
called like other Bulls or papal decrees, from its first word. This
Bull condemned Quesnel’s book, and declared that it contained one
hundred and one false and heretical propositions. It was issued in
1713, and as a large portion of the French clergy and people,
Cardinal Noailles, Archbishop of Paris, among them, resisted the
Bull, a further papal decree was issued in 1718, which threatened
all who would not submit unconditionally, with excommunication .
These measures quieted the conflict for a time, as all the parties
were, or professed to be, Catholics. Still it existed, and manifested
itself from time to time, and the number of Jansenists increased.
Many men of rank and influence adopted their views, and many
who did not care about doctrine or belief of any kind, but who
hated and feared the Jesuits and the claims of the Roman church,
sided with the Jansenists. The parliaments of France generally, and
that of Paris in especial, constantly resisted, as well as they could,
the decrees against Jansenism. But in 1730, Louis XV, by royal
decree, enforced the Bull as a law of his kingdom, and again the
conflict was quieted for some time. . . . .
"In 1753-4-5, the parliament of Paris exerted itself earnestly
against the Jesuits and against the Bull Unigenitus, and was strongly
sustained. Then King Louis XV interposed to save them. On Decem
ber 13, 1756, he held a solemn lit de justice,’* and compelled the parlia
ment to register an edict consisting of three divisions. The first ofthese
commanded unconditional respect for and submission to the Bull
* "A final measure, and the most solemn act of supreme sovereignty, by which an edict
of the King of France had to be registered by the parliament, and thereby acquired the
full force of law."
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
