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A Survey of the English Conjugation. 3
Class IL
Series 1): i a u u
sviltan svalt svultum <svultans.
Character: roots ending with a liquida cum muta, or a geminated liquid.
Class II.
: iz Ä u
Series: i a é i
niman nam nåémnm numans
mitan mat måtum mitans.
Character: roots ending with a single liquid or single mute: those take
u, these $ in the participle past.
Class ILL
Series: a 6 ö a
skapan sköp sköpum = skapans.
Character: the vowel of the root, generally followed by a single con-
sonant, is characteristical.
Class IV.
Series: et at i i
keinan kain kinum == kinans.
Character: the vowel of the root is characteristical.
Class V.
Series: iu au u u
niutan naut putum nutans.
Character: as in the preceding class.
Class VI.
1. Purely reduplicating verbs with the vowels a, at, au, é, as:
haldan haihbald haihaldum haldans
haitan haihait haihaitum haitans
stautan staistaut staistautum stautans
slépan saizlép saizlépum slépans
or 2. reduplicating and at the same time changing the ai or é of the
root into ö, as:
laian lailö lailöum laians
tékan taitök taitökum tékans.
At first GRIMM ranged these reduplicating verbs in six classes, but
as their total number does not exceed 23, they scarcely can be entitled
!) These series show the vowel of the root in the infinitive, I sing. and
I plur. pret, indie, and in the partic. past.
2
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