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melting point, Ci the specific heat of the solid, c of the liquid
body, then the variation in the latent heat may he expressed by
dr
According to Person the specific heat of ice is half of that
of the water, then
-lr — 0 -
dt J
i.e. the latent heat of water will be found 0.5 calory smaller
for every centigrade degree below zero.
By the calorimetric method just described these
variations, predicted by theory, can be experimentally verified. The
experiments relating to pure water are published in the Ofvers.
K. V. A. Forhandl. 1878. It now remains to be seen, if salt
water by freezing shows any remarkable anomaly with regard
to its latent heat. Chapter (3 will be reserved for this subject.
D. Determinations of freezing points and specific
gravity etc.
The freezing point of each water was first roughly
ascertained by a preliminary experiment with an ordinary
thermometer. Afterwards a considerable quantity was slowly cooled
to about 0°.2 or 0°.3 C below its normal freezing point, then a
crystal of snow was thrown into the beaker and the maximum
of temperature observed by means of a Geissler thermometer.
During the whole process the water was constantly mixed.
The following table shows the relation between the specific
weights and the freezing points of different kinds of sea-water
= freezing point Ax
Ja
J~c
0.0133-
■— 0.0150"
— 0.0139-
0.0148
— 0.0141
medium = — O.0142
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